When choosing a suitable project for a future home, developers primarily focus on speed installation work, because for modern man any delay seems to be a serious problem - these are the realities of our fast-paced life. It is also important that we all do not want to face unpleasant moments that can be caused by seasonal changes in weather, since this will negatively affect the deadline for the completion of the project, and the desire to quickly find a new home forces us to accelerate. That is why people have increasingly become interested in new technologies in the construction of private houses.
Modern technologies in construction
Now let's talk about the practical aspect, because it is also important. For example, you rent construction tool, the fee for which must be paid daily, who would want to overpay? This is where advanced solutions come to the rescue, allowing you to implement standard project in about two or three months. So what do the authors of innovative developments offer us, and what can we successfully implement on our construction site?
Modern and popular technology
We would like to immediately draw your attention to the fact that new technologies and high-tech building materials are different concepts, although they are on the same plane. For example, foam concrete blocks, rounded wooden logs and OSB boards are products that have appeared not so long ago, but these are not house building technologies; the method of their installation is another matter. Here you will find a non-standard approach to the usual construction process and improved performance of private houses, but let’s talk about everything in order.
TISE
This abbreviation is more familiar to us under the name “folk”, also known as “adjustable formwork”, and in full it reads: Technology of Individual Construction and Ecology. This invention belongs entirely to our compatriots, which is doubly pleasant. The main advantage of this innovative approach is that you can build a house with your own hands, without the help of specialists.
Application of adjustable formwork technology Principle of technology
Modern construction of private houses, based on this method, is characterized by the pouring of pile or columnar foundations, often equipped with a grillage. Your main tool at this stage will be a drill, which was specially designed for TISE.
The walls of such houses are assembled from hollow lightweight blocks, formed directly on the construction site using modular formwork, which must be periodically moved. The whole point of the construction method is that you fix the modules (forms) in the place where the wall of the house will be and pour concrete into them. When the solution hardens, the modules are dismantled and transferred to a new location.
Construction of walls according to TISE Pros
If you all decide to build such a structure, then you will certainly be pleased with the absence of so-called cold bridges, which modern developers struggle with with varying success. Also, you don’t need a whole team of builders, because this kind of construction does not require more than 2–3 people, including the owner of the house, and even then only for individual processes (moving formwork, drilling soil).
Formwork dimensions In this case, you do not have to rent or buy special equipment, which significantly reduces the construction cost. Moreover, you can independently choose the composition of the filler for the walls of such houses and combine materials (as an option - brick and concrete).
Frame construction
Currently, we rarely resort to this technology for building houses, but this is most likely due to a lack of information among private developers, which can change in a short time, which means there is a prospect for its spread.
Peculiarities
After the foundation is poured, they begin to assemble the frame. This design consists of beam elements located horizontally, vertically and diagonally, and articulated with each other. As a rule, wooden or metal frame elements are used here - it all depends on the personal preferences of the home owners.
Assembly wooden frame Metal blanks are naturally stronger, but connecting them will require drilling technological holes, which can be replaced by welding, and this complicates the process, but we want to build a house quickly and without complications. Based on the intricacies of working with metals, wooden “skeletons” remain more popular. Most often this is a timber that facilitates construction wooden houses according to new technologies thanks to the correct geometry.
Frame structure design The walls here are a kind of cladding, and they can be built from various materials, with whom they work according to new principles:
Please note that the second option is more difficult to implement (we are talking about the fact that we want to build a home with little effort). It is quite difficult to assemble ready-made shields correctly without violating the technology. And without a crane it is impossible to lift such massive elements, and this significantly complicates the process and leads to its increase in cost.
Advantages
Any type of foundation is suitable for the construction of such buildings, no matter what soil it will be poured on, even if we are talking about problematic landscapes. There is also the possibility of quick redevelopment without incurring large costs. The same applies to extensions, with which you can easily increase the area of private houses - install additional frame elements and sheathe new walls.
For finishing you can use any materials, there are no restrictions.
3D panels
New trends in the construction industry sometimes represent modified principles that appeared earlier, and with 3D panels, vaguely reminiscent of the method of assembling frame-panel houses.
Construction from 3D panels
Panels produced on an industrial scale are not prefabricated panels, but monolithic polystyrene foam slabs, pre-reinforced with reinforcing mesh on each side. They are connected to each other using metal rods that penetrate the structure diagonally and extend beyond its limits. It is not difficult to build a house from such blocks, because they are quite light in weight, and the assembly is strong and reliable.
Features and Benefits
There is no “skeleton” of the house in its classical sense, but instead there are panels connected by a rigid coupling and forming the load-bearing walls of the building. After their erection, the structure is covered with a “jacket” of concrete on each side of the mounted panels.
3D panel design The polymer material from which modern panels are made allows for heat loss to be reduced to a minimum, and this is an essential point in the construction modern houses both wooden and panel. You can also build a structure from SIP panels - these are also new materials in the construction industry. However, they are little used on private construction sites due to their large dimensions.
This material is mainly chosen for the installation of large-scale objects. If for some reason you still do not give up the idea of using SIP panels on your own site, it is better to order them from the manufacturer according to individual drawings, which will cost a pretty penny, and a considerable one.
Permanent formwork
One of the most well-known technologies, often used in private construction due to its availability and ease of implementation.
Ready-made house using permanent formwork technology Construction principle
Like the TISE technology, the basis of the principle here is that you can quickly build a house without a team of craftsmen.
Fixed polystyrene foam formwork Permanent formwork can be formed from block or panel elements, which during operation are placed along the perimeter of the base at a certain distance from each other, forming a partition. Reinforcement is placed in the cavity between the blocks and concrete is poured.
Pros
As mentioned earlier, you can build such a house yourself, which will save you a lot of money. Helpers may only be needed at the stage of pouring the foundation and when installing the floors; otherwise, you can handle the rest yourself. At the same time, by choosing the right filler for wall formwork, you don’t have to worry about additional thermal insulation.
It turns out that building houses can be inexpensive and quite simple, and we are talking here about both block structures and their wooden counterparts. Knowing and applying latest technologies, building a quality home today is not difficult.
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Forecasts for the emergence of new building materials are usually based on factors of potential industrial growth, economic efficiency, innovation (amazing new discoveries). Forecasting is carried out annually, analyzing the emergence of new products at a conventional construction site. So, the forecast for innovations and new building materials in 2018 promises to surprise with technologies that combine the full range of the noted criteria.
Market trends for new building materials and technologies: cement, wood, and renewable energy sources. All this will have a significant impact on the areas of design and construction for the coming year (2018) and in the near future. Let's see what's already in the trunk.
Programmable cement
As a substance that consumes significant amounts of water, concrete continues to be a leading area for research and development of new building materials.
Despite its widespread and traditional use, concrete still seems to be something of a mysterious building material. Therefore, discoveries similar to the recent ones made in 2017, when interesting facts were discovered, are expected here.
Research on building materials provides new information about the binders used in construction. Cement particles can be manipulated into different shapes, such as a cube It turned out that cement, as part of the contents of the concrete structure, carbonizes over time carbon dioxide. This material property ultimately contributes to redefining the environmentally friendly area of concrete.
Such research results once again emphasize the need for a clearer understanding of the formation of the structure of new building materials at the molecular level.
Another recent example was the multidisciplinary laboratory of building materials at Rice University. Scientists there discovered previously unknown properties of cement particles subjected to hydration (CSH: calcium silicate hydrate cement).
Alternative binders to increase stability are used in the composition of new types of cements intended for construction industry specialists According to the researchers, the information obtained is planned to be used to “program” particles of the material in a strictly controlled way. In fact, we are talking about a new building material - programmable cement.
Significant progress in this work marks the first step in controlling cement kinetics to achieve desired building forms. Essentially, Rice University scientists have discovered a technology to control the morphology and size of the basic building blocks of CSH.
Such blocks could independently organize into microstructures with a higher packing density compared to conventional amorphous CSH microstructures.
This increased density should result in increased material strength and durability, improved chemical resistance, and protection of the reinforcing steel within the concrete.
Cross laminated wood
In addition to concrete, wood is an equally popular building material. The construction industry is now relying on solid wood based on the development of new techniques.
Mass timber is used to construct high-rise buildings, using rapidly renewable building materials that are environmentally superior to concrete and steel.
So-called cross-laminated wood is quickly gaining popularity on construction sites. Massive panels based on modified hardwood building materials In the growing field of softwood-based lumber, an unexpected competitor has emerged: CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) lumber, made from hardwood.
London international studio dRMM Architects, in collaboration with global engineering firm ARUP and the US Hardwood Export Council, have developed a CLT panel based on the fast-growing North American tree Tulipwood.
This is what tulipwood looks like when cut. Products made from this type of wood have a very original appearance. Now tulipwood is a new building material of the current century The properties of Tulipwood overlap the properties of wood coniferous species. Harpullia wood (Tulipwood) is stronger and even stronger than concrete in terms of load-bearing capacity. In addition, this new type of building material has excellent decorative qualities.
New building material based on "Harpullia" (Tulipwood) is already produced for the construction market (in Germany).
Referred to as "Leno CLT". Leno CLT is prepared from rapidly renewable raw materials, and the manufacturing technology supports the production of panels of significant sizes (for example, 14x4.5 m).
The attractiveness of any home depends on interior decoration premises. It is the finishing touches in furnishing an apartment or house that make it comfortable and cozy. Most often, consumers prefer familiar materials that are time-tested and guarantee reliability and durability. However, construction thought does not stand still, and new, more efficient and less expensive technologies are constantly appearing in finishing works Oh.
IN modern interior There is no longer a place for simple lamellas, “lining” and clinker stone. Of course, in general, the materials for interior decoration remained the same: wallpaper, tiles, various plaster panels, varnishes and paints. However, manufacturers have improved their quality: now familiar materials have new properties that are valuable in use and unusual shapes allowing you to create innovative interior design. Repair materials that have appeared quite recently are gaining popularity.
Protective coatings
Newest types protective coatings have proven themselves well in various types of finishing work - more and more craftsmen are giving preference to modern materials due to their reliability and safety.
We have selected four modern protective wall coverings that will allow you to use non-standard solutions in decorating your apartment:
- Slate paints;
- Antibacterial paints
- Magnetic paints.
Thanks to the properties of some substances added to marker paints, after the surface has completely dried, about a week after finishing work, you can safely draw on the walls with markers, like on a marker school board. Such paints are an excellent solution for the walls of children's rooms.
Slate paints
Another option for children’s interiors is slate paints. By using this material, you will be able to avoid the unpleasant hassle of washing painted walls. Children can safely paint on a surface covered with slate paint with crayons, without fear of consequences, because drawings and inscriptions can be erased, just like on a regular slate board.
Antibacterial paints
Antibacterial paint cleans and disinfects the air, destroys harmful microbes. It is used in children's rooms and medical institutions. The action of the paint is based on the principle of photocatalysis, which is triggered when exposed to light. This coating also helps to avoid allergic reactions.
Magnetic paint
Magnetic paint contains small particles of metal, which allows you to attach various things with magnets to it - now travel souvenirs can be hung not only on the refrigerator!
Wallpaper has enjoyed stable popularity for many decades, and today new, more convenient options for this coating continue to appear - for example, thermal wallpaper.
In some characteristics they resemble ordinary vinyl or paper wallpaper, but under the influence of any heat source they change color and a pattern appears on the surface. The secret is in the use of special paint, which reveals its properties when heated.
Another innovation in the field of renovation is seamless wallpaper. They resemble decorative tapes that are glued horizontally to the walls.
In the production of wallpaper, new materials are used that replace the standard ones - paper, textiles and vinyl - for example, cork. For making cork wallpaper Use compressed balsa wood chips. The main advantage of this material is environmental friendliness, but a significant disadvantage is its high cost. No adhesive additives are used for gluing such wallpaper to walls. The heat-treated material releases natural juice, which reliably holds the mass together.
Liquid wallpaper is also used as a protective covering for walls. Behind the strange phrase lies material that represents decorative plaster, which is applied to the wall with a spatula and then leveled in an even layer over the surface of the wall. This coating hides unevenness and small cracks in the walls, but at the same time allows the walls to breathe, which prevents the appearance of mold. Disadvantages of use include high cost and solubility in water: you should avoid getting water on the coating and additionally fix the “liquid wallpaper” with a special varnish.
Flexible stone
The coating imitates natural stone and is a durable and wear-resistant material. Walls lined with flexible stone look as if they are covered with natural granite or marble.
Venetian plaster
Unusual protective coating walls, which is a liquid material that dries in an even layer and looks like natural marble.
Energy-saving technologies for repairs
One of the goals of innovations in interior decoration is the introduction of energy-saving technologies for renovation, which allows saving heat in the house.
The most common way to reduce thermal energy consumption is to insulate the walls and ceilings of the building. In this regard, new technologies for repairing ceilings have emerged.
Stretch ceilings
A stretch ceiling is a polyvinyl chloride film stretched tightly over a mounted frame. Additionally, it will be equipped with lighting fixtures. various shapes and configurations.
A stretch ceiling consists of several elements:
- PVC fabric;
- Lighting devices;
- Frame;
- Decorative baguettes and plugs.
Stretch ceilings have different type depending on the chosen material: some resemble a mirror-polished surface, others resemble a plastered surface.
The following types of tension structures are used:
- With varnish texture: most popular due to its shiny surface, which well reflects light and interior elements of the room;
- With a matte texture: the complete opposite of the previous type - the surface completely absorbs light; used primarily in government institutions;
- Satin texture: combines a varnish coating and a grained surface, the room gets soft diffused light and beautiful tints;
- Perforated texture: when the light is turned off, it imitates a starry night sky.
Manufacturers are constantly offering new types of textures and many shades suspended ceilings.
Stained glass ceilings have a number of advantages over conventional materials:
- Beautiful and unusual appearance;
- Easy to install: installation of the structure is easy to do with your own hands - stained glass windows are installed using the assembly method.
- Practicality in operation: the ceiling is made up of separate parts that are easily replaced in case of damage; they are easy to wash and wipe off dust;
- Environmental safety: the stained glass window is made of metal and glass - no plastic!
The undeniable advantages of such a ceiling covering include resistance to moisture - because of this, its use in bathrooms is popular.
When choosing finishing materials for flooring, you should take into account the purpose of the rooms of the apartment or house. For example, wooden flooring looks especially authentic in the kitchen, but it requires special care there. It is also necessary to pay attention to the fact that some synthetic materials can cause allergies in people living in the house.
Significant indicators include the appearance of the material, its moisture resistance, as well as the base on which the material will be installed.
Unusual types of tiles
Already for a long time tiles are the leader among floor coverings for bathrooms and kitchens; however, this is a rather “conservative” material that is difficult to improve. Only relatively recently have such variations of the usual surfaces appeared, such as volumetric, liquid and pebble tiles.
The volumetric tile has bizarre shapes: it is concave on one edge and convex on the other. Such tiles look especially impressive on the wall, giving the room a stylish and status look. It should be noted that installation of the material is complicated, and therefore is an expensive service.
Liquid tiles allow you to create a unique room design: they change color and image due to mechanical influences. Liquid tiles are laid mainly on the floor - there their properties can be fully revealed.
Pebble tiles are used to decorate bathroom walls. It consists of many stones glued to a tile base.
Floor array
High-quality flooring is made from solid wood. This material replaces parquet. Production is simplified by the fact that technological processes such as sanding and varnishing are carried out in the factory. The solid board is laid in the same way as parquet - by gluing it to the base.
Modern technologies have also affected the production of parquet. Thus, artistic parquet is an expensive floor covering made from various types of wood. To create a pattern, panel parquet is used or combined decorative elements with strips of piece parquet.
An innovative flooring material is improved linoleum. This is an environmentally friendly coating made from natural raw materials.
Marmoleum does not warp or fade, has good thermal insulation properties, is non-toxic, and can withstand heavy loads without loss of performance.
Due to its low cost, this material will soon be able to replace the usual laminate.
Innovative finishing materials that have emerged fit harmoniously into any interior. The advantages of such materials are obvious: safety for the health of those living in the house, environmental friendliness, high wear resistance, original appearance. Innovative materials are expensive, but these costs are worth it.
Construction technologies are constantly being improved. New discoveries differ in their scope of use, but the developers pursue a common goal: to make the construction process easier, and life in new-style buildings more comfortable and modern. Let's look at the most interesting know-how of 2017.
Salt blocks
The author of the idea was an architect from the Netherlands, Eric Jobers. The building material looks unusual, but very impressive. Salt is extracted from water using solar energy. Natural starch obtained from algae is used to hold the particles together. Essentially waste-free production. Such blocks can be used even in countries with arid climates. The mixture is also suitable for designing flexible arched structures. To protect against external factors, the blocks are coated with a composition based on epoxy resin. It remains to be seen whether the new product will become widespread.
Isoplat Plates
Invented in Estonia by specialists from the Skano Fiberboard company. This is a natural thermal insulation material made from fibers of coniferous trees. They are pre-soaked in boiling water, pressed and cut into sheets of different thicknesses. To make the boards moisture resistant, they are treated with paraffin. Isoplat has high vapor permeability and sound insulation, protects from wind, and retains heat. Thanks to their fibrous structure, the boards are fireproof and resistant to pests and protozoa (mold, fungi). The elements are connected to each other using a tongue-and-groove type and are suitable for insulating roofs, floor coverings and frames. Width varies from 60 to 120 cm, thickness - from 12 to 50 mm.
Lego blocks EverBlock
Outwardly, they really look like elements of the popular children's construction set. Perhaps American engineer Arnon Rosan was inspired by him. The blocks are made of foam concrete and are connected in a tongue-and-groove manner without the use of adhesives. Only vertical seams need to be treated. The water permeability of the material is less than 3%. For the construction of two-story or more buildings, the Lego block is reinforced through technological holes. The most common block size is 25x25x50 cm.
Light blocking glass facade
Transparent glass facades easily transmit sunlight, increasing the temperature in the rooms. The development of scientists from the Frankfurt Institute makes it possible to regulate the light transmission of glass. Theoretically, the facade consists of many circular segments. Each of them contains a fabric disk with wires made of titanium and nickel alloy - they have shape memory and respond to temperature environment. If the room temperature drops, the material curls, returning transparency to the glass; when the temperature rises, it darkens the glass.
"Live Tile"
Liquid tiles that respond to steps or touches by changing their pattern. The surface is made of tempered glass. It can be used to decorate not only floor coverings, but also walls and countertops. It absorbs sounds well and suppresses vibration. You can walk on such tiles almost silently. Among the disadvantages are instability to high loads, fear of sharp objects (chips may remain). But this tile looks great.
Conductive Concrete Shotcrete
The brainchild of a team of scientists from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Conductive concrete that absorbs and reflects electromagnetic waves of various origins. The standard concrete filler has been replaced by magnetite, a natural mineral with excellent ferromagnetic properties. Metal and carbon components are also present. The material was originally designed for runway hair, but can also be used in residential areas. Can be applied by spraying.
Thermal wallpaper
Their trick is that when the air temperature in the room changes, the pattern on the canvas also changes. The invention of a designer from China responds to changes in thermal conditions. Under the influence of heat, buds appear on the wall, and then flowers bloom. The inventor applies special thermal ink to the surface. Wallpaper reacts to both sunlight and touch, but is afraid of moisture and cannot be washed.
Flexible wood WoodSkin
An amazingly flexible material that can be given any abstract shape. Consists of sandwich tiles. Polymer mesh, composite nylon composition and plywood are used. The new product is available in rolls and sheets. The shape is given using special three-dimensional machines, connecting small elements together. Sheet thickness can vary from 4 to 30 millimeters.
Insulation with sheep wool
A new product that has been available in Russia since November 2017. Environmentally friendly fiber insulates noise well, does not burn, and is suitable for insulating any premises. Oregon Shepherd currently produces two types of insulation - Batt and Loft. Insulation is also good because it absorbs harmful substances, highlighted by furniture, synthetic finishing materials and other interior elements.
Plaster that regulates humidity
Condensation is a problem familiar to many. Developers from the Swiss company STO AG presented innovative material. Plaster effectively absorbs excess water vapor from the air (about 90 g per 1 sq.m.). The thickness of the applied layer is up to 2 centimeters. There is no condensation, no mold and fungi, but there is an even, environmentally friendly coating.
Naturally, the developers are not going to stop there and new interesting discoveries await us. Perhaps they will change your life for the better!
