The design of the spiral staircase to the cottage. How to make a metal spiral staircase yourself. Drawings and calculations - their development

Choosing a staircase project for a private house or apartment with several levels is not an easy task. After all, it should be comfortable, reliable, naturally fit into the interior and not take up much space. Especially when space is limited. In this case, the best option would be to choose a spiral staircase. The material for its manufacture is most often metal or wood, but metal products are more durable and refined in design. Therefore, we will further consider how a spiral staircase can be made of metal with your own hands.

What is the difference between the design of spiral staircases

The method of fastening the steps determines the design of the spiral staircase. The traditional type is cantilever, when the entire load is carried by the central support rod, to which metal brackets are welded. The support is made of a pipe with a diameter of 5-7 cm with thick walls. Brackets can serve as steps or serve as the basis for further cladding.

The logical continuation of the console type is the construction on the bolts. In it, the steps are connected to each other along the outer edge with steel rods - bolts and parts of the railing. From the inside, the edge of the steps is attached to the sleeves, which, in turn, are put on the support pillar. Thus, the load is distributed throughout the structure.

There are options for spiral staircases without a support axis, where the power units are load-bearing beams - stringers or bowstrings. In the first case, the steps are located on the support beams, in the second, they are mounted to them with their ends.

A good project is the basis of everything

The development of a spiral staircase project should be based on its safety and ease of use, therefore, it is necessary to take into account some of the rules described in the regulatory documents:

distance between turns (H 1), i.e. between the lower step and the one above it - at least 200 cm;
comfortable step height (h) - 15-19 cm;
the minimum step length is 80 cm;
the optimal line of movement along the spiral staircase lies approximately 2/3 of the width of the march, so the depth of tread on it (e 0) should be at least 20 cm, and at a distance of 15 cm from the central pillar - at least 10 cm;
the height of the rise of the step and the depth of the tread are interconnected by the dependence that must be fulfilled:

2h + e 0 \u003d 60 ... 65 cm,

the ratio of the thickness of the tread to the length of the step should be within 1:20;
with a march width of up to 150 cm, the staircase must be equipped with railings 90-100 cm high;
for a safe climb to the upper level, the dimensions of the stairwell from each of its edges must be 10 cm larger than the diameter of the screw structure.

Having familiarized ourselves with the standards, we proceed to the calculations.

Note! Before starting the design, determine the point of entry and exit from the stairs, the angle of its rotation and the direction of rotation.

Next, we will talk about the stairs on the bolts, which has a support column with a diameter of 76 mm, a step length of 1 m and a rotation angle of 270 degrees. The lifting height H (distance between the finishing floor at the lower and upper levels) is 3 m.

Lift line radius

R 0 =38+1000∙2/3=705 mm

The length of the stairs in the direction of travel

L 0 =3/4∙2πR 0 =3/4∙2∙3.14∙705=3321 mm

We accept the height of the steps h = 190 mm. Then the number of steps:

n=H/h=3000/190=15.8

Round up to 16 and refine h=3000/16=188 mm. Or rather, 15 lifts of 188 mm and one (on the first step) 180 mm.

The role of the last step is performed by the platform on the upper level, therefore, we have 16 lifts and 15 steps.

Now we get the width of the tread along the line of motion e 0 \u003d 3321/15 \u003d 222 mm., Which corresponds to the standards.

We check this value for ergonomics: 2∙222+188=632 mm. here, too, everything converges.

We calculate the length of the stairs according to the outer diameter and the width of the steps from this edge:

L=3/4∙2∙3.14∙(38+1000)=4489 mm., e=4489/15=326 mm

We determine the size of the landing, assuming that the thickness of the upper floor is 20 cm. Rising 18.8 cm with each step, at the fourth distance to the ceiling will be 205.6 cm. This means that the landing can only cover 4 steps.

The main dimensions of our stairs are calculated. Based on them, we make a design drawing, which will be the basis for manufacturing.

Building a ladder

For the axial support you will need a pipe Ø57 mm. with thick walls. Sleeves from the same pipe, but with a diameter of 76 mm, will be put on it. A profiled pipe 25x40 mm is suitable for steps.

The progress of work is as follows:

We cut the sleeves. The cutting plane must be strictly perpendicular to the axis so that the density of the sleeves is maximum.

To ensure that the sleeves fit on the support axle without backlash and gaps, we will make 6 mm o-rings. rods - 2 for each sleeve, winding them onto a thinner pipe.

We cut the rings, making a gap, and weld the sleeves from each end. Now, to ensure a snug fit, we grind the rings inside with a milling cutter.

For the same and correct geometry of the step frames, we need a jig. We make it from chipboard, several bars and a pipe mandrel.

We put blanks under the steps into the jig, mark the cut lines, cut them off and weld everything into one. After finishing, we clean the seams.

Next, we assemble the frame. We put sleeves with steps on the central support and install the resulting structure on the prepared site. The lower part is concreted, and the upper part is attached to the ceiling.
We turn the steps at the desired angle, after which we weld racks from a profiled pipe between them. We fix the sleeves together by welding.

The frame of the stairs is ready. After it is primed and painted, the steps are sheathed and railings are installed. How easy it can be to decorate a spiral staircase with your own hands made of metal, the video is given below.

Knowing how to make a spiral staircase with your own hands - you will give your home a special exclusivity and originality, and you will also be sure of its quality and reliability. Since you can independently choose the necessary materials, perform the necessary calculations and make a truly high-quality installation of a spiral staircase, the drawings of which will definitely come in handy.

Each of us is trying to create an original atmosphere in our home, give our home an attractive look and create a unique interior. If the house is designed for several floors, then the question of a staircase that leads to the floor above will certainly arise. To solve the spatial problem of stair placement, need to think about its design and view more than one photo, as well as drawings of spiral staircases.

In small rooms that do not allow sufficient space to be allocated, the screw version will look great, which will make it possible to install the required number of steps in a small area for easy ascent.

In addition, it should be noted that the consumption of building materials on a spiral staircase will be much less than on the march. Therefore, a do-it-yourself spiral staircase made will cost much less and will become a more profitable investment.

The use of different materials, drawings, types of construction and decorations will enable you not only to significantly decorate the interior of the house, but also to show your talents as a decorator, designer and decorator.

Metal or wooden, draped or transparent, it will harmoniously fit into the surrounding space, delight and amaze all guests.

Design and calculation of spiral staircases

Before proceeding with the construction of a screw structure, you will need to sit on the calculations, take the necessary measurements and draw up drawings with your own hands.

Starting the technical part of creating an interfloor structure, think about how you plan to use the surrounding space, how often you will use the stairs, what functions and loads it will perform.

A carved helical structure with a bulky railing will most likely not allow you to bring a large sofa to the floor or lower a closet.

The presence of children in the family will require careful planning such a dangerous element in terms of falls, namely:

equip the stairs with additional protection;
restrict access to dangerous elements;
choose a suitable non-slip floor material, etc.

The stage of development and planning of the technical side of building a spiral staircase with your own hands is the longest and most difficult.

But there is no need to despair and run to the first hardware store that comes across to purchase a finished structure - various photos can be found on the Internet.

Before you start building, think about mounting methods and design. The ladder can be mounted on a stand anywhere in the room or against a wall. In the second variant the wall acts as an additional support giving the structure better stability and rigidity.

With a free installation, you need to put additional supports for the steps, they have a supporting function and make the descent safer and more comfortable.

Carefully consider the material options used to create the spiral staircase. Wooden or metal structures made in a suitable color for the interior look harmonious. It is convenient to move along these steps even barefoot, without fear of catching a cold. These surfaces are easy to care for and are perfect for high traffic areas such as hallways.

Before starting construction, you need to make a drawing with which you will have a complete picture of the required amount of building material, the height of the rack and the width of the steps.

Making drawings with your own hands is very simple, you only need a certain diligence and accuracy in preparing all the necessary measurements. If necessary, or if you have any questions or clarifications, there is always an opportunity to see a photo or video creating stairs. Step-by-step videos, supplemented with verbal advice, will enable you to deal with difficulties and make a masterpiece of stair art.

Beautiful photos of metal spiral staircases

Making a spiral staircase

To build a truly convenient, reliable and durable structure, you need to decide on the following nuances:

how wide will the structure be? The most convenient staircase width for use in the house is 0.90 cm. Thus, the diameter is the sum of the width of two steps and the diameter of the vertical rack;
then the most convenient step width is calculated. It is best for a person to navigate steps up to 350 mm wide. But the steps of the spiral staircase are not rectangular. Having the appearance of a trapezoid, they increase from a vertical post, rising in width to the railing;
after that, it is necessary to calculate the number of steps needed for a complete turn. This is calculated by multiplying the circumference of a person's travel by the average width of the steps. This rounded number will be the number of steps needed;
then we make a calculation regarding the height of the coil and the number of openings. The height of the coil must be at least 2.15 m, required for comfortable movement of a person. This height is obtained by adding the average height of a person (180 cm), the height of the steps and the margin of 15 cm. We divide this number by 15 (the number of steps) and so we have the height of one step of the ladder;
given that we know the height of the overall structure, it will not be difficult to determine the number of openings and the required number of steps for comfortable movement.

metal staircase

The operation of spiral staircases is possible, not only inside the house, but also outside. In this case, you will need a manufactured metal spiral staircase. Metal is not as exposed to the environment as wood, and is more suitable for use as a material for outdoor work.

You can make a metal ladder as a fire or organize an auxiliary exit from the house with your own hands, this will give the appearance of the house an original and extraordinary look, make the cottage unique and more comfortable to use.

Metal can also be chosen as a building material for internal stairs. As a rule, a forged metal staircase is found in the interior. Not everyone can make this work of art, which combines lightness and strength, incredible reliability and openwork weightlessness. But this ladder will serve for quite a long time and, becoming covered over time with a touch of antiquity, it will look more majestic and chic.

The clear advantages of metal stairs include their resistance to fire, compatibility with different interior styles, the ability to combine metal parts with other materials (ceramics, stone, wood), ease of installation and significant durability and wear resistance.

wooden stairs

The most popular in modern interiors are screw structures made of wood. They harmoniously fit into design solutions almost all rooms, as well as inexpensive and quite durable.

Simple rules of care, operation and ease of construction make it possible to install them everywhere for comfortable movement between floors in private cottages.

After completing the preliminary calculations and drawing a drawing, you will approximately understand how to make a wooden staircase. You can buy ready-made blanks for installing steps, or you can make them yourself.

The main thing is to remember about careful grinding of the surface, wood processing and the use of a protective varnish coating in order to prevent deformations and the appearance of harmful bugs.

When building with your own hands, you need to remember about the railing. Balusters can be made from solid wood or use a metal structure.

For handrails, as an economy, you can choose glue stick or wood-look plastic- their excellent wear-resistant qualities make it possible to maintain an attractive appearance for a long time.

Carefully consider all the options, perform the necessary calculations and drawings, choose only high-quality materials and a wooden staircase will delight you for more than one generation.

concrete stairs

If you need the staircase to last for a long time, have a presentable and weighty appearance, and at the same time be quite strong and reliable, a concrete structure will suit you. It is solid and very durable, and also testifies to the well-being of the owner of the house, his presentability and prosperity. But it requires more careful calculations and fulfillment of certain requirements during construction.

Thus, the construction of a spiral staircase with the right calculations and certain skills is quite simple. And it will look great and serve in a country house or cottage, because when you create a unique masterpiece, you put your love and soul into it, and this is very important.

If the construction budget is limited as well as the living space, a do-it-yourself spiral staircase installed will be the best way out. It takes up minimal space, and is much more convenient than a folding attic ladder.

Advantages and disadvantages of making do-it-yourself spiral staircases

Before starting construction, it is still better to compare all the pros and cons of a spiral staircase again, especially if you plan to install it yourself. Otherwise, you can spend money on the purchase of materials and tools, not getting the desired result as a result.

Pros of a spiral staircase

So, why a spiral staircase can be a good solution:

saving space - for the stairs you only need a circle with a diameter of 2 m;
saving materials - you need fewer steps than for a corner staircase;
energy savings - by reducing the number of elements, you can significantly reduce installation time.

Thus, a spiral staircase is suitable for people who want to maximize living space by reducing the flight of stairs. The original appearance will give a small home a unique charm.

Spiral staircases were very popular in England in the middle of the twentieth century. Even high-rise buildings were equipped with such stairs - to save space. At the same time, residents do not experience any inconvenience even now - all oversized cargo is lifted through windows or disassembled.

Cons of a spiral staircase

Every design has flaws. No exception and spiral staircases, which are often criticized:

inconvenient operation - you will have to provide a fallback option for raising overall furniture to the top floor;
difficulty in manufacturing - to build a really beautiful spiral staircase, you need to have excellent carpentry and turning skills;
insufficient safety - with incorrect calculation and selection of steps, it is extremely inconvenient to walk up the stairs.

Therefore, if it is impossible to raise a sofa or a double mattress through the windows, you will have to abandon the spiral version of the steps. If building skills are at the initial level, it is better to order ready-made elements, and this will increase the cost of construction. Yes, and to calculate a safe and convenient design, it is advisable to involve a professional so that you do not have to suffer for years because of narrow and short steps.

For older people, a spiral staircase can become an insurmountable obstacle - the lack of two railings and high steps are not very convenient. So, if several generations live in the house, it is better to sacrifice precious space, but think about the convenience of the elders' movement.

Choice of design and material

From the chosen shape and size of the stairs will depend on its comfort and safety. For example, when constructing a narrow spiral staircase, it is worth avoiding the installation of risers.

This will allow you to stand with your whole foot on the step, not only in the widest place, which increases the comfort and safety of the stairs.

Wood, metal or concrete?

In addition to aesthetic preferences, when choosing a particular material, one must also be guided by practical considerations. After all, no one will remake the stairs and it should serve as much as the whole house.

For large country cottages built of brick or concrete blocks, a concrete staircase is suitable. Of course, it will not be compact, but it will give the interior originality. And in order to be pleasant to use it, it is advisable to make it no more than one turn and with a width of steps of at least 1.2 meters - so that two people calmly pass each other on the stairs.

Ladders on a metal frame are versatile and durable. They can be installed both in wooden and brick houses and even in light frame houses. Using wooden steps and railings in combination with forged fencing elements, the whole structure will get a reliable, but light and openwork look.

Completely wooden stairs are easy to build - you don’t need welder skills to work with wood, and only a jigsaw, a grinder and a hand saw for wood are needed from the tools. By properly treating wood with antiseptics and regularly updating the decorative coating, you can achieve a long service life. In addition, natural wood will add more comfort to the interior.

Staircase on bowstrings or stringers

This is the easiest option for building in a small country house. The bowstring is a deaf side element with selected grooves for the steps, and the stringer has the shape of a comb, on the edges of which the steps are placed. Often the stringers are mounted directly on the wall, thanks to which the steps of the spiral staircase receive two points of support - on the central pillar and on the stringer.

There is no need for additional props or braces.

Together with the slotting into the central post, this allows for high structural reliability with a minimum of material costs. This option is suitable even for a novice carpenter.

Bolts ladder

Boltsevye stairs are becoming increasingly popular. All thanks to the supportless design, which allows you to place stairs anywhere, make them visually lighter and free up maximum space. The bolts connect the steps and railings, which are the supporting element.

Thanks to this, a rigid frame is created, and due to the lack of contact between the steps, the stairs on the rails do not creak or stagger.

Of course, this option is the most difficult for independent implementation, because it is required to calculate the shape of the railing with the utmost accuracy and fix it correctly. Otherwise, the steps will eventually begin to bend down along the outer edge.

Calculation of a spiral staircase

In no case should you skip this stage and build a spiral staircase "by eye". Even the trained hand of the master may not be able to cope, which will lead to sad consequences. So, you need to take into account:

the calculation of the comfortable height of the riser of a spiral staircase differs from the marching one - the lower the height, the narrower the steps along the midline;
the number of steps is calculated based on the height of the coil, equal to 2 m;
the minimum width of the steps of a spiral staircase is 90 cm, while the area of the entire staircase is equal to twice the width of the steps plus the diameter of the central pillar.

All other requirements for spiral staircases are the same as for marching ones. Steps should not be made too narrow or duck-stepping to save space. If there are children in the house, railing posts should be placed two per step.

Schemes, formulas and drawings

For example, you can calculate the parameters of a staircase with a step width of 90 cm and a round central pillar of 20 cm. The diameter of the entire staircase (Dl) is:
L = 90 cm *2 + 20 cm = 200 cm.
The selected height of the riser is 21 cm. The height of the stairs is 290 cm. Thus, the number of steps (Kc) is:
Ks \u003d 290 cm / 21 cm \u003d 13.8.
Rounding the resulting number to 14 steps, you should reduce the height of the first or last step to 17 cm so that you do not have to make the upper platform raised above the floor level. The comfortable depth of the step along the center line should be 20 cm when descending, taking into account the overlap, and 30 cm when ascending.

The undeniable convenience of such a program is that you can see several options for the stairs by entering different data. After all, the calculation is instantaneous.

Making stairs with your own hands

The first thing you need to decide when starting to manufacture stairs is whether it will be done only by assembly, or carpentry skills allow you to start cutting steps and racks with your own hands. The first option is much easier, you can assemble a ladder from finished parts in one day. The only catch is to find a good carpenter who can complete the order exactly according to the submitted sketches.

To make a ladder "from scratch" is not for everyone. Only the purchase of the right tool will take half the cost of all blanks. But if the difficulties are not scary, and the milling machine is definitely useful on the farm, you can get to work.

Preparing the elements

After successfully testing the stairs, you can start cutting the steps themselves from the selected material. Solid oak is best suited, but it is the most expensive material. As analogues, it is recommended to use ash, white acacia or maple. Beech is not suitable for steps - it is afraid of moisture and may not withstand active use.

Preparation of staircase details consists of several stages:

Steps of the desired shape are cut out of the blanks. Chamfers are removed with a manual milling cutter, grooves are made for bearing sleeves, everything is polished, varnished and painted.

When all the elements are ready, you can proceed directly to the construction of a spiral staircase. The ladder is installed on a prepared surface from which the floor covering has been removed. The upper opening is framed with metal corners or a wooden plank with skirting boards.

Ladder assembly

The process of assembling the stairs itself will not take much time, the main thing is to follow the technology:

it is very important to set the central support column strictly vertically, otherwise the entire staircase will mow, and fixing this is not so easy;
the central post is fixed with anchors to the floor, if necessary, it is poured with a cement screed;

the main thing is not to burn the sleeve - the free part that does not heat PVC must be unbuttoned;

Concrete spiral staircase

An alternative to a wooden and metal staircase can be its concrete counterpart. It looks very stylish, but massive. So it is only suitable for large rooms with free space.

Such a staircase is calculated according to the same principle as a conventional spiral staircase with a central pillar. Only instead of the column, the diameter of the inner circle is entered into the calculation. The process of constructing a concrete spiral staircase is simple in theory, but rather complicated in practice:

Formwork is installed for the stairs and railings with mandatory reinforcement. To do this, OSB sheets are laid along a given arc, a reinforcing mesh is laid on them.

Steps are formed on top. The particular difficulty of a concrete spiral staircase is to correctly and reliably fix the spacers, which must withstand a considerable weight and not disturb the geometry of the stairs.

Concrete pouring starts from the railing in the direction from the lower platform to the upper one. If you first pour the steps, then when filling the railing, the steps will be squeezed out. And so that the concrete mixture does not flow down, a little concrete is poured at the junction of the steps and the railing so as to close the gap.
Filled steps and railings are bayoneted or vibrated - to remove air bubbles from the mixture. After that, the surface is leveled. To move along the flooded stairs, boards are placed on the formwork, which should not come into contact with the concrete surface.

Like any concrete product, the stairs must dry completely, it takes about a month. In order for the concrete to acquire the necessary strength, the stairs are regularly watered and covered with a film.
When the concrete has hardened, the formwork is removed. Now you can start smoothing out irregularities and decorative trim.

Concrete is a strong and durable material. Such a staircase will last a long time, but it will not work to make changes to the interior design without complete destruction. Therefore, before constructing a concrete spiral staircase, it is better to weigh all the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution.

Clearly, with detailed explanations of the formwork and reinforcement, the construction process is shown in the video:

Beautiful, compact and inexpensive spiral staircases will complement the interior of the premises and create a feeling of warmth and comfort in the house. For rooms decorated in country style, it is best to choose stairs with massive wooden steps. And light structures, decorated with forged elements, will perfectly fit into the interior of Art Nouveau style.

Beautiful spiral staircase from our company. Price 73 691 rubles.

Spiral staircases can be aggressive and fragile, luxurious and elegant, modern and avant-garde. A huge number of interesting options for the design of spiral staircases is presented on the website of the Stairs Master company.

Homeowners can choose any design option for the staircase design, which will fully comply with their taste preferences and financial capabilities.

The popularity of spiral staircases is due not only to their aesthetically attractive appearance, but also to their compact size. With their help, you can significantly save free space in any home.

You can make a spiral staircase in a private house or apartment with your own hands. But, if you doubt your abilities, it is better to contact specialists. The Stairs Master company employs craftsmen who will correctly calculate the number and parameters of the structural elements of the staircase structure, and also install them in the room in compliance with all the rules. Such a ladder is guaranteed to be easy to use and will appeal to all family members.

Benefits of spiral staircases

Designs fit perfectly into rooms with low ceilings. They are able to visually increase the height of the ceiling, and also look great even in the middle of the room due to their compact size. If we draw a comparative analogy with mid-flight structures, then spiral staircases do not require a significant part of the free space for their design.

Another advantage of a spiral staircase is its affordable cost. Spiral staircases are much cheaper than marching counterparts, and they look much better. They will give any room originality and peculiarity.

Spiral staircases can be made of glass or wood, with or without railings. But, regardless of the option chosen, the design will always cause admiration and amazement among others.

So, if you list all the advantages of spiral staircases, then it is worth noting the following factors:

Compact size. For the arrangement of a spiral staircase, an area of \u200b\u200b1.5x1.5 meters will be enough.
Affordable price. Due to the compact size, the construction of spiral staircases does not require a large amount of materials. This allows homeowners to save a considerable amount of money.
Variety of choices. The appearance of the structure depends only on the imagination of the residents. Today, you can create a spiral staircase from different materials, using various elements for decorative design.

But, in addition to undeniable advantages, spiral staircases have some disadvantages. There are few of them, but they should be remembered, especially if you are going to perform calculations and make drawings of spiral staircases with your own hands.

Firstly, these designs are not suitable for lifting or lowering large items.
Secondly, they are difficult to manufacture independently.

Before starting work, the masters must carefully study all the features of the calculation of structures. Only with this approach can you make accurate drawings of spiral staircases with your own hands. If necessary, you can see the photo or video instructions posted on the Internet.

Types of spiral staircases

When making drawings of spiral staircases with your own hands, remember that the steps are fixed radially, forming a special staircase screw. When cut horizontally, this screw can be either round or polygonal.

If you plan to install a spiral staircase next to a wall, then a polygonal screw shape is selected. This will significantly save free space. If the staircase is installed in the center of the room, then it is best to give preference to round openings.

Depending on the design of the spiral staircase, the following types can be distinguished:

with fastening steps to the support post;
with fastening steps to fences or bent bowstrings;
with the support of steps on the walls located around the perimeter.

The main features of the calculation of spiral staircases

Before you start creating spiral staircases with your own hands, you should prepare a project and drawings of the future design.

This work requires the performer to know all the features of the calculation. We highlight the following aspects of work:

The depth of the steps in the center should not be less than 20 centimeters. Near the support pillar, the depth of the steps may be slightly less (about 10 centimeters).
The most convenient to use are spiral staircases with a diameter of about 2 meters. And the width of the steps should not be less than 80 centimeters. In the event that the free space in the room is limited, and the staircase structure will not be used often, then a reduction in size is allowed. The diameter can be made equal to 1.5 meters, and the steps up to 60 centimeters wide.
Carefully count the number of steps. To do this, divide the total height of the structure by the step height. On average, a person's step is 20-22 centimeters.
Remember that the descent and ascent of the spiral staircase should be comfortable. This means that the distance between the turns of the stairs must be at least 190 centimeters.

Features of calculating the size and number of steps

Making drawings of spiral staircases with your own hands, it is important to know the size of the structure and the number of steps. The material used to create the steps can be glass, wood or metal.

When choosing fences, one must take into account the stylistic design of the room. Of particular interest today are wooden, glass or forged railings.

When calculating the staircase structure, it is necessary to calculate the width of the opening, the height of the stairs, the diameter of the support post and the dimensions of the steps, as well as their number. Only after that you can draw up drawings of spiral staircases with your own hands. First you need to calculate the diameter of the stairs, the number of steps in one turn, as well as the height of each structural element.

Experts recommend using special software to calculate the elements of a spiral staircase. You can use the video or photo instructions. The main thing is to carefully calculate the dimensions and number of all structural elements.

It is easy to calculate all structural elements. The size calculation process can be viewed on a standard project that home craftsmen often use. Suppose the ladder is 300 centimeters high, 80 centimeters wide, and the support diameter is 20 centimeters.

So, the diameter of the structure is calculated by the formula: 80 * 2 + 20 \u003d 180 centimeters. The lifting radius is calculated as the sum of half the width of the march and the radius of the support: 10 + 40 \u003d 50 centimeters. With such indicators, the number of steps in one turn is 17 pieces.

Next, we proceed to the calculation of the optimal step height. Remember that calculating the parameters of steps is a difficult task that requires painstaking work. The descent and ascent of the stairs should be safe and comfortable. Suppose that the average height of a person is 190 centimeters, and the number of steps is 17 pieces. As a result, the height of the step is equal to 12 centimeters.

The presented calculation algorithm can be used for ladder structures with other parameters. Just plug your values into the formulas and get the correct answers.

Conclusion

Not every owner of a private house can calculate and draw up a drawing of a spiral staircase with his own hands. If you have any doubts before starting work, you should seek help from professionals. The company "Ladders Master" employs craftsmen who will install a spiral staircase in accordance with the preferences and wishes of customers. All calculations and installation will be performed correctly and as soon as possible.

In its classic version, the spiral staircase acts as a pillar around which the steps are located, however, the design may be different. A metal spiral staircase to the second floor is reliability, beauty, and durability. You can make a metal staircase without the help of professionals, we will talk about this and much more below.

Convenient do-it-yourself metal spiral staircase

It is much more difficult to create structures from metal than from wood - it requires not only experience, but also special equipment and tools. If this is not a problem, and the home master is “familiar” with the welding machine, then the instructions described in the article will help you make a strong and beautiful staircase on your own. Of course, you first need to perform measurements, calculations and create drawings of the future stairs in order to know the distance between the steps and their number, to understand what shape of treads and type of fasteners are needed.

The creation of a ladder structure on the rails is in great demand. To do this, you need to prepare a pipe with thick walls, the length of which is equal to the distance between the floors.

You will also need a pipe to create sleeves. Its diameter should be larger, but the length is the same. You can not do without steel corners and pipes of an even larger diameter to create bolts.

To weld a ladder:

The first thing to do is to take a metal pipe and cut it into equal segments. The segments should be equal to the height of the podium by 1 step.
The resulting sleeves must be tried on to the support located in the central part. If they are put on weakly, with slots and gaps, it is necessary to weld seals made of wire of the required thickness into the inner part of the ring sleeves, after which it is imperative to grind the welding spots.
The next step is to make a template from wood slats, screwing them to a chipboard or plywood sheet.
Then you need to cut the corners of the steel. The corners must be equal to the internal dimensions of the template. They must be put inside and welded.
Next, you need to weld the step frame with the sleeve, clean the seams.
The next step is to string all the sleeves on the support and install it in place.
The bolts must be cut in advance and welded to the steps, having previously welded the sleeves together, placing them in the required position.

When the welding and installation work is completed, the frame should be primed and painted, and the steps should be lined with wood material. You can immediately perform welding to the sleeves of finished steps made of metal. They must be profiled, which will prevent slipping, and with stiffeners, which will give strength. Spiral iron stairs on a metal frame look spectacular and reliable.

Do-it-yourself spiral staircase made of metal: drawings and tips

Drawings can be taken ready-made, and if you have the skills to draw yourself. Today, by the way, special programs have been developed that can also be used. Despite the fact that spiral staircases are the most optimal for installation in a small space, it is still necessary to try to ensure that their performance data fits the requirements.

Namely:

Reliability;
aesthetics;
Comfort.

This means that the width of the flight of stairs must be suitable not only for the ascent and descent, but also for the passage of furniture, voluminous things. A spiral staircase with a diameter of 100 cm or less is not suitable for these conditions, since the width of the march in this case will be less than 50 cm. Therefore, it can only be mounted as an auxiliary element and rarely used - to climb to the attic or descend to the basement.

You should also choose the right angle of inclination. If it is more than 45 gr., It will be dangerous to use such a ladder, and you will have to go down from it with your back forward and the risk of injury will increase. It is imperative to consider the arrangement of the railing, even if the steps are built into the wall with a wide end, because otherwise it will be difficult for children and people of age to climb / climb. It is impossible to use partitions made of drywall and other fragile building materials as a support. And the steps need to be lined with non-slippery building materials, or corrugated linings should be nailed onto them.

There is a wide variety of outdoor stairs, differing in price, shape and type of material. Let's talk about them and help you choose in the review:.

Stairs spiral: forged

If the stairs for a house or a two-story apartment are forged, it always looks attractive and original. The first forged screw construction appeared in the Middle Ages. Then it was just a beautiful replacement for the usual staircase design. Time does not stand still, but it is still relevant. Castles have been replaced by private houses, and stairs do not lose their relevance.

Thanks to artistic forging, stair structures fit into any interior, making it:

Graceful;
original;
Balanced.

Forging will turn even the most ordinary house into a kind of castle, and its owners will make them feel a bit like kings. Because the quality and aesthetics of such a staircase design will be 100% royal. Forged structures are not only very luxurious, but also durable, resistant to mechanical damage. But, you still need to take care of the wrought iron staircase. Wrought iron stairs are the perfect decoration for your home.

Varieties of metal spiral staircases (video)

In any home, a spiral structure with artistic forging will become a central object. Not a single guest will pass by such magnificence! Even if the budget option is chosen, since the cost of forging is very high. That, such a ladder does not need additional fasteners to the walls, so you can mount it anywhere. This is another advantage of forged structures for the home.