Energy metering in an apartment building. Installation of metering devices. The Ministry of Energy adopted an order on the procedure for offering installation of meters by energy supply organizations. Accuracy requirements

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What is a heat meter

Modern meters of supplied heat are equipment that ensures constant heat metering, accurately determines the mass of the coolant, and also controls parameters.

By design, the metering unit includes the following devices, which are embedded into pipelines by specialists:

special computer;
indicators and transducers of temperature and pressure level;
shut-off valves used.

Signals from the installed water meter are fed to the microprocessor of the existing heat meter, where they are converted into the required form by a special high-precision digital device. Then, to calculate the thermal energy parameters, their integration is carried out.

Is it mandatory to install energy meters?

Meters must be installed in residential premises.

In accordance with the current law, all required payments for consumed energy resources are carried out on the basis of data obtained on their exact value, determined by metering devices.

The Russian law quite clearly indicates the deadlines for installing energy meters. Until 2011, meters had to be present and operated in buildings, various structures, erected structures intended to house existing government bodies, including local governments.

Until 2011, owners of non-residential buildings, various structures, structures and other objects had an obligation to complete equipping their facilities with general building energy metering devices, as well as to begin operating such devices.

Until the beginning of 2012, owners of various premises in constructed apartment buildings, constructed country houses with a functioning centralized supply of consumed resources had to equip their houses with energy meters, as well as put the devices into permanent operation.

All modern apartment buildings within a certain period of time, they are equipped with communal meters for metering water, supplied heat and electricity, including individual and used general meters for energy resources, with the exception of heat.

Since 2012, houses that are put into operation or are subject to reconstruction are required to be equipped with individually installed heat meters. Since the adoption of the Law, the operation of buildings and various structures without the necessary equipment with modern meters is not permitted.

Who should pay for the installation of metering devices?

Today the owners bear financial expenses for installation of meters.

Important! If the owner cannot pay for the installation of the meter immediately, the supplier of the necessary energy resources provides installments for the due payments for a period of up to 5 years. The interest charged for the loan is set by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

Subject or action municipality have the full right to provide, at the expense of allocated budget funds, measures of necessary support to various categories of consumers. This happens by allocating financial resources to them for the installation of energy meters. Apartments owned by the municipality must be equipped with electricity meters purchased from allocated budget funds.

Watch the video. Thermal energy metering unit in apartment building:

General meeting to obtain a decision on installing meters

A general meeting of residents is required. Before installing meters, a collective decision of the owners is required, which is adopted by a majority vote at a meeting.

Since the installed metering unit will become common property after installation, payment for the equipment used and upcoming work must be distributed in whole or in part among all direct owners of the apartments.

The main task of the current management company, homeowners' association or created housing cooperative is to convey to the owners the need to install meters in accordance with the law on effective energy saving.

Moreover, refusal to do so will lead to the adoption of compulsory measures for the installation of meters by the existing energy supply organization and to legal proceedings. Therefore, the owners are offered a list of companies to conclude the necessary contract for the installation of meters with current proposals for the cost of the upcoming work.

Who has the right to install meters

Modern metering devices are installed on a residential property by organizations that supply them or by operating specialized companies.

The staff of such organizations includes specialized qualified specialists, whose work in installing meters is prescribed in the statutory documentation of the organization that has SRO membership in the construction industry and a corresponding certificate of admission to perform the work.

Suppliers of consumed energy resources are obligated to carry out installation and replacement of energy meters.

Until 2010, operating energy supply companies were required to provide the owners of premises in constructed apartment buildings, all persons who are responsible for such houses and various persons acting in the interests of the direct owners, prepared proposals for equipping housing with modern meters.

What will be the liability for refusal of installation?

If before the onset of 2011 and for some consumers until 2012, in response to proposals for the installation of metering devices from a direct supplier of energy resources, the direct consumer did not purchase and install the necessary meter, then the resource supplying organization has the right to carry out its forced installation with the recovery of costs incurred from the consumer expenses.

In accordance with the current law, the ongoing meter installation campaign must be completed before the end of 2012. All consumers of supplied energy resources, without exception, must become “equipmented.”

Operating resource-supplying organizations currently cannot refuse to conclude an agreement that contains the conditions for the installation, replacement and operation of resource consumption meters. The price of the contract is determined by the concluded agreement of both parties. The exact procedure for concluding the required agreement was previously approved by the current Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation No. 149.

Attention! Our qualified lawyers will assist you free of charge and around the clock on any issues.

Who monitors compliance with the obligations for installing devices?

Compliance with a number of obligations for the installation of various metering devices is under the control of the FAS, Rostekhnadzor and their existing territorial branches located in the regions.

Penalties for non-compliance with installation requirements

Yes, currently penalties are applied, therefore the current law on energy conservation has recently been developed and some amendments have been made to Russian Code about ongoing administrative offenses.

For example, failure to comply with the stated requirements of the current legislation on the installation of meters leads to a fine for officials of up to 30 thousand rubles, and for legal entities - up to approximately 600 thousand rubles.

Complete non-compliance with the stated requirements by direct suppliers of energy resources for the installation of meters to the owners of constructed houses, cottages and garden buildings leads to fines.

Unreasonable refusal or constant evasion of the organization engaged in the installation, replacement and operation of energy meters from drawing up the necessary contract and its subsequent execution, as well as complete non-compliance with the requirements for installation, replacement, operation of meters of energy resources used also leads to penalties.

Who repairs metering devices?

It is the owner who must ensure the operation of the meters in accordance with the stated technical requirements for the device used. Therefore, the owner of the purchased metering unit has a concluded agreement for the maintenance of meters with the service organization.

Remember! All types of repair work on installed metering devices are carried out at manufacturing plants in accordance with the required technological process. After completion of the meter repair, an extraordinary verification is carried out.

Who should pay for verification?

An important responsibility of each owner is to ensure correct meter readings, as well as their metrological verification at the expense of his own funds.

Metrological assurance of the accuracy of the meter readings obtained consists of their verification in an operating specialized organization.

In accordance with the current resolution Russian government No. 250 since 2012, verification of electricity meters, devices for measuring water flow in cubic meters and natural gas is carried out by regional metrological centers that have accreditation.

Since the meter contains a flow meter, the stated requirement will also apply to commercial accounting of the thermal energy used. The main point The metrological verification carried out consists of testing a modern metering device using high-precision equipment. In this case, the frequency of the required verification must be indicated in the passport for the meter.

The calibration interval of modern devices used to meter heat and hot water supply is four years, and the supply metering device cold water- approximately six years. But current practice says that today none of the heat meters used have a MPI that matches the parameter specified in the passport.

For various measuring devices, the actual MPI generally does not exceed 1 year, although the manufacturer talks about a period of 3-5 years, so meter manufacturers secretly recognize this fact.

Unverified metering devices: consequences

Consumers should remember that the installation of a meter that has not been verified is prohibited and is regarded by the main supplier of energy resources as a complete lack of device, which leads to trouble. For the duration of the required verification, payment for services provided is allowed at average consumer expense.

What energy metering devices can be used

Modern metering devices are installed in residential premises, which are in the State Register of Measuring Instruments and are fully approved for use in Russia.

Even the inclusion of the device used in the Russian State Register does not guarantee its normal quality.

Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a quality system in heat supply organizations, which will help them use best practices, progressive new equipment, including competent technological solutions regarding commercial heat metering.

Also, the rules for the use of energy resources and consumed water establish a number of certain requirements for the accuracy class of modern meters of at least a certain value.

The accuracy class is considered to be a certain error of the meter in the range of measurements, expressed as a percentage. Therefore, the greater the value of the accuracy class, the lower the accuracy of the mounted device will be.

The law provides for the obligation of the energy supply organization to offer collective and individual consumers the installation of metering devices. If, by January 1, 2012, in response to these proposals, the consumer does not install a meter, then the energy supplying organization has the right to force it to be installed and to recover from the consumer all installation costs, plus legal costs.

In accordance with Art. 13 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Energy Saving..." the responsibility of the consumer of energy resources is to install meters for metering the consumption of these same resources. A feature of the adopted legislation is that this responsibility is shared with the consumer by the resource supplying organization. It is these organizations that know for sure who officially consumes these resources from them.

An offer from an energy supply organization to install a meter does not mean that the consumer must order installation from this organization. His right to choose any organization that will install the meter for him. But the application for installing a meter at the energy supply organization has some advantages for the consumer. At the request of the consumer, the energy supply organization is obliged to provide an installment plan for payment of the cost of installing the meter for a period of up to 5 years.

If we take into account the possibility of savings by reducing consumption, then such an offer is very profitable for the consumer. In any case, he receives a reduction in current payments without investing in installing a meter. They want one thing from the consumer: savings. The Law “On Energy Saving...” speaks about this.

As for the energy supply organization, the obligation of the proposal to install meters is supported by penalties under the Code of Administrative Offenses. On the other hand, the organization’s costs for providing installment payments should be compensated from local budgets.

The installation of smart meters will become mandatory from July 1, 2019. The Ministry of Construction and Housing and Public Utilities of Russia submitted to the State Duma bill No. 139989–7 on smart energy metering. The measure proposed by the Ministry of Construction is designed to establish reliable accounting of consumed energy resources, make the payment system transparent, and minimize the risk of unmetered consumption.

Many residents tweak the meters, forcing other residents of the house to pay for themselves. It is impossible to steal with “smart” devices. Any interference will be recorded.

Alexander Sidyakin, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Housing Policy and Housing and Communal Services

First of all, the installation of “smart” meters will be made mandatory for new buildings and residential buildings that are put into operation after overhaul. Conditions for the widespread introduction of metering devices with remote data transmission will be created by the end of 2019.

Prerequisites for the mandatory installation of smart meters

In November 2017, the State Duma Russian Federation adopted in the first reading the bill of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services on the transition to intelligent metering of consumed energy resources. The adoption of the new law is aimed at stimulating the implementation of systems for remote collection of readings from smart meters with transmission to resource supply organizations in real time.

For the first time, smart accounting was widely discussed after the entry into force Federal Law dated November 23, 2009 No. 261-FZ “On energy saving...”. Then the Government set a difficult task for energy workers and developers - to quickly establish reliable accounting of consumed energy resources.

Thus, the law “On Energy Saving...” prohibits the input apartment buildings into operation if they do not meet the requirements energy efficiency or are not equipped with metering devices (Article 11, parts 6-10).

The need to equip residential and public buildings with automated systems for commercial metering of energy consumption is also noted in SP 134.13330.2012 dated September 1, 2012 “Telecommunication systems for buildings and structures. Basic principles of design" (section 5.10).

Which houses will have smart meters?

By Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated January 26, 2016 No. 80-r, automated energy metering systems are included in the mandatory equipment for the design and construction of apartment buildings (Section IV.1). The bill under discussion also contains a requirement for the mandatory installation of automated commercial energy metering systems in apartment buildings put into operation after construction or major repairs.

During the public discussion of the future law, not all participants in the energy and construction markets agreed with this formulation of the issue. For example, the management of Rosseti PJSC insists that “smart” meters must be installed not only in new buildings and houses that are being rented out after major renovations. The company considers it necessary to introduce automated metering systems in residential and public buildings with a new technological connection or when previously installed devices fail.

There should be a law that will oblige the entire perimeter to be covered with electricity meters within three years. There should be fines. Stiff penalties for non-installation or inoperability. This is the basis. Moreover, all devices must be intelligent and digital.

Pavel Livinsky, General Director, Chairman of the Board of PJSC Rosseti

At whose expense will smart meters be installed?

This issue is under development. One thing is now known: Russians will not be required to install “smart” meters at their own expense.

Currently, the costs of installing smart meters are borne by developers and management companies. Moreover, if the latter do not have the funds to install smart metering devices, Housing Code The Russian Federation allows these activities to be financed from the capital repair fund (Article 166, Part 2, 188-FZ).

Installing smart meters will not affect the pockets of consumers. The point is that they will be changed by market participants who are working today. These could be energy supply organizations or management companies; different models are being developed, but definitely not people.

Andrey Chibis, Deputy Minister of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of Russia

According to the press service of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services, about half a million smart metering devices have been installed in Russia. And earlier, Chief Housing Inspector Andrei Chibis stated that by 2024, 95% of Russians will switch to “smart” meters.

To speed up the transition to digital metering of consumed energy resources, the Federation Council on March 23, 2018 discussed the issue of shifting all costs of replacing metering devices to resource supply organizations. But parliamentarians failed to work out consensus. The question remains open.

Who will benefit from the mandatory installation of smart meters?

Russian Energy Minister Alexander Novak said that the creation of a digital power grid infrastructure based on domestic equipment will primarily have a positive impact on consumers. The law on “smart” meters will relieve residents of apartment buildings from the inconvenience associated with transmitting readings “manually”: smart devices themselves broadcast data on resource consumption in real time.

In addition, the organization of automated accounting and operational control over energy consumption in each apartment and in the house as a whole allows:

do not pay for “energy scammers” - consumers who block the counting mechanism of metering devices using neodymium magnets or other devices that distort data on energy consumption;
receive bills only for the actual volumes of consumption of utility resources;
Over time, completely switch to a more profitable multi-tariff payment system.

Installing smart meters in apartment buildings will allow consumers to reduce their payments by 30%.

Svetlana Razvorotneva, executive director of the NP ZHKH Kontrol

It's also beneficial resource supply organizations and management companies. According to IAR TASS, about a third of consumers submit testimony individual devices accounting is delayed or they completely “forget” about this responsibility. At the same time, there are no more than 5% of large debtors and energy debtors. Most homeowners really don’t remember or don’t have time to submit testimony.

In such cases, management and resource supply companies charge payments according to a standard that does not reflect actual consumption. Hence the lost funds, which affect the growth of tariffs.

After the Ministry of Construction obliges the installation of “smart” meters, suppliers utilities There will be a number of new features:

obtaining reliable information about resource consumption in real time;
significant reduction in costs for linemen and controllers;
implementation of automated control over the consumption of energy resources;
prompt determination of balance;
getting rid of payment gaps;
fast processing of received data and timely uploading of information to the GIS of housing and communal services.

According to the explanatory note to the bill on “smart” meters, the creation of automated systems will reduce commercial losses of energy supply organizations and provide targeted impact on non-payers.

The STRIZH system uses LPWAN technology with a range of 10 km, without hubs and repeaters.

Automation system for resource accounting on a turn-key basis for apartment buildings, regional settlements and villages

In continuation of the article.

“How to save 5 thousand rubles?”

Energy saving lamps

Replacing incandescent light bulbs with modern energy-saving lamps can, on average, cut your home's electricity consumption in half. An energy-saving lamp lasts 10 thousand hours. while an incandescent lamp - on average 1.5 thousand hours, that is, 6 - 7 times less.
Compact fluorescent lamp 11 W power replaces a 60 W incandescent lamp. The costs are recouped in less than a year, and it lasts three to four years. Calculated: replacing in an apartment of 45 - 50 sq. meters of lamps with conventional lamps to fluorescent ones, you can save approximately 1500 kW/h per year. Compact lamps daylight It is more appropriate to use it in the hallway and in the kitchen, where the light burns longer. If you are not used to turning off the lights behind you, then this is the most acceptable way to save both electricity and money.

Savings: up to 1000 rubles.

Use voltage stabilizers. Energy specialists advise using voltage stabilizers! By connecting a computer or TV through the stabilizer, you can achieve a significant reduction in energy consumption.
The “sleeping” state is deceptive
Anyone who thinks that household electrical appliances that are not working but connected to the power grid do not consume electricity and do not affect the amount of payments for electricity are mistaken. Power consumption occurs in such a “sleeping” state or standby state, when only the “red eye” on the panel of a home electrical appliance is turned on. So how much electricity is consumed by televisions, video and stereo systems that are not working but are connected to the network? microwave ovens?
Research has proven that the energy consumption of devices in the standby state is about 10% of the total electricity consumption! So, on average, the TV works about 4 hours a day. The rest of the time, “at idle”, being simply connected to the network, it consumes about 1.1 kW/h of electricity per day, per month - 33 kW/h. Microwave

A stove and a VCR “eat up” 0.4 kW/h per day, 12 kW/h per month. And one hour of idling operation of an electric heater will ruin it by 1.4 kW/h per day or 42 kW/h per month.

Savings: up to 300 rubles.

How much does a refrigerator eat?

The refrigerator is one of the most energy-intensive appliances. It is constantly plugged in and consumes the same amount of electricity as an electric stove. A tidy figure accumulates per year: compressor refrigerator - 350 - 550 kW/h, absorption refrigerator - 600 - 1600 kW/h.
The profitability of a refrigerator, first of all, depends on its operating mode, associated with the frequency of use and compliance with operating rules. At correct operation refrigerator energy consumption is reduced by 15 - 20%.
After opening the refrigerator door three times, electricity consumption increases by 1%!

Savings: up to 300 rubles.

If you want to be richer, know how to save
Do not use the stove without a “compelling reason”. After all, everyone knows: to drink tea, for example, it is better to use a less energy-intensive device - an electric kettle. Thus, you can save up to 250 kWh per year.
Make sure the stove is in good condition. Using faulty burners leads to excessive energy consumption by 3 - 5%.
What kind of cookware you use plays a significant role. You can save energy by using special cookware with a thickened bottom, equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the burner. Energy savings when using such cookware range from 140 to 280 kW/h per year.
Using cookware with a curved bottom can lead to excessive energy consumption of up to 400 kW/h per year.
By the way, this is an important fact. If you cook food in a container without a lid, you use three times more energy!
48% of consumed electricity is spent on electrical appliances, 12% on lighting, and 40% on cooking. The annual electricity consumption of a family with an electric stove is 3500 - 4000 kW/h.

Savings: up to 400 rubles.

Which irons are economical? Use the temperature regulator to iron a particular type of fabric. Why heat your iron to maximum temperature and then wait for the iron to cool down before ironing synthetic fabric? You lose both time and electricity.
Buy irons with smooth control of steam supply, taking into account the type of fabric. If you need to steam hard-to-iron fabric, such as jeans, you can use the enhanced steam mode. The “LOW PRESS” mode allows you to steam delicate synthetic fabrics by supplying steam when working at low temperatures.
If you still use an iron without a temperature regulator, it’s time to think about purchasing a more modern one, in which the heating time is reduced from 15 - 20 minutes to 6 - 7 minutes, and energy consumption is reduced by more than 20%.

Savings: up to 500 rubles.

Load the machine completely
In terms of energy consumption, automatic ones are the most economical washing machines. The main rule to ensure efficiency is full loading. Do not start washing until there is enough laundry to fully load the machine!
Try to wash at a lower temperature. At a washing temperature of +90"C, electricity consumption is 30 - 40% higher than at a washing temperature of +60"C.
Use energy-saving programs: if you increase the wash duration, you can reduce the water temperature. In this case, energy savings will be 45%, because the main electricity consumption goes to heating water.
By hand-washing particularly dirty stains and soaking dirty laundry, you can avoid the need for laundry when high temperature and high energy consumption.

Savings: up to 900 rubles.

Insulate your apartments well
Thermal energy losses heating system in residential buildings make up almost 20%! Most heat loss occurs:
- due to uninsulated windows and doors - 63%;
- through window glass - 15%;
- through ceilings and walls -15%.
Many people, instead of insulating their homes, use electric heating devices in addition to the heating system, which leads to increased energy consumption. Northerners know like no one else: insulation is the best energy saving.

Savings: up to 600 rubles.

Saving energy in water consumption
Did you know that through a faucet from which water drips (10 drops per minute) up to 2000 liters of water flows out per year.
And if each of the four members of your family leaves the water tap open for only 5 minutes a day, do you lose 7 kWh of energy by throwing 1000 rubles out the window?
Taking a shower is much cheaper than taking a bath. Taking a bath (140-180 l) you spend three times more energy than taking a 5-minute bath. shower.
Sprayers on taps allow you to use water more efficiently.

Savings: up to 1000 rubles.

And also:
- insulate windows and doors to prevent heat loss!
- do not obscure heating radiators with furniture and curtains!
- turn off the lights when you leave the room!
- install cold and hot water!
- use a table lamp when there is no need for general lighting rooms!
- when cooking on an electric stove, turn it off a few minutes before the food is ready!
- Cover the pan with a lid when cooking food!
- install two-tariff electricity meters!

By following tips on energy saving, you can put from 3,000 to 5,000 rubles a year into your family budget, which is 25% of your family’s energy consumption expenses.

Today every family knows that saving is important, saving is necessary!

It is known that energy tariffs are increasing from year to year, forcing us to think about introducing an effective metering system. Energy consumption metering devices can be installed everywhere. That is, not only on industrial facilities, but also in domestic buildings. Due to this, you can significantly reduce the financial costs of paying for utilities.

Types of metering devices

Depending on the design, they are:

microprocessor-based;
electronic;
induction.

All of them are equipped with interfaces for connecting a modem, allowing you to transfer data to higher-level devices.

MZTA products

Metering devices sold by our plant have high measurement accuracy. With their help, you can save on utility bills (for the consumption of water, electricity, and other energy resources). It is important to take into account that metering devices are multifunctional.

Among the assortment offered by our plant, you can choose devices designed for apartment-by-apartment metering of energy consumption, with diagnostic functions, data archiving and integration with other devices.

By ordering metering devices from us, you can solve several problems at once. Namely: