Tariffs for water consumption are constantly growing - every citizen of our country notices this. For this reason, the number of installed counters is increasing. Manufacturers of water meters are trying to improve their quality and ease of use, which affects the complexity of choosing a device model. In our article, we will get acquainted with the existing metering devices in order to choose the best option when buying.

When making a purchase of a meter, it is important to choose the best option for your water supply system. Therefore, we recommend that you pay attention to the photo label of the device, where you should find data on the following criteria:

• The level of pressure at the initial stage;
• Adder indicators;
• Sensitive Threshold Coverage;
• Minimum state of pressure;
• Accounting area.

Important! When buying water meters, pay attention to the tightness of the design, the series number and the availability of a documentary base.

If your choice is between brands, then pay attention to the following indicators:

• brand licensing;
• Guarantee period;
• Availability of maintenance package.

Classification of water meters

The modern market of meter models is characterized by a huge number of different types and characteristics. Therefore, for the right choice, we need to find out the differences between water meters. So, according to the features of the action, water metering devices are:

• Tachometric;
• Vortex;
• electromagnetic;
• Ultrasonic.

Now let's consider in more detail the principle of operation and design features of each type.

Features of the tachometric counter

This type of water meter is based on the work of counting the rotations of the impeller, which gives indications for counting. Today it is considered one of the most popular water metering devices. This counter has a number of pluses and minuses in productivity. To improve the selection, we need to get to know them. So, this type is characterized by such advantages:

• The compact size of the device;
• Ease of installation work;
• Budget price;
• Slight reading error.

Tachometric water meters have a branch of subtypes, which are divided according to various criteria. So, by the number of connected streams, there are such varieties:

• Single jet devices accounting for cold and hot water. The principle of the mechanism is to pass one flow through the impeller, while creating an impulse of movement. Their number is fixed by a counter. Based on a large number of photo circuits, you can stand out plus in the possibility of connecting an impulse sensor, which allows remote control.
• Multi-jet types. The main feature of the mechanism is the number of threads that create the movement of the blades. This feature increases the accuracy of the displayed flow data and affects the life cycle of the cold or hot water meter.

Attention! It is worth noting that all types have the same principle of operation, but differ in the main detail in the design.

There is a division of tachometric water meters and for such a criterion as the diameter of the pipes. For this indicator, they are as follows:

• Impeller devices. They are characterized by a pipeline diameter of up to 20 cm.
• Turbine mechanisms - no more than 4 cm.

For your information! Today you can find models and combined types of cold and hot water meters. What does it mean? The fact that the data of the meter work on the basis of the impeller and turbines at the same time.

Features of electromagnetic devices

The principle of operation of this type of device is based on the interaction of water flow and a magnet. Its field is capable of calculating the flow rate. There is a very high demand for these meters, as they give a high level of accuracy in flow readings. The method of calculating data depends on the speed and volume, and not on the work of individual rotational parts.

Advice! Choose this type of water meter if you want the most accurate flow readings.

To all of the above, you can add the following advantages of a water flow meter:

• The highest level of accuracy of water consumption readings;
• Extensive coverage of calculations;
• Lack of water resistance and moving structural elements;
• Long service life;
• Speed ​​of calculation;
• The presence of an archive;
• Not the ability of a dirty stream to affect the accuracy of the readings.

But, with all its advantages, there are also such disadvantages in its functioning:

• The formed precipitate may collect on the inner surface of the sensor;
• Due to the electronic mechanism, failures in the system can occur faster than other counters;
• A clean environment can reduce device performance;
• Dependence on electricity;
• The complexity of the installation work;
• High level of sensitivity from turbulence;
• Ability to clog with metal debris.

Features of ultrasonic water meter

The main mechanism of operation is to calculate the difference in the passage of sound in terms of time. Thus, the received data is sent to the calculator, which determines the flow of cold and hot water. It should be noted that the received information is archived. Having studied various photo schemes, one can distinguish the standard components of these types of devices. These are the details:

• Flow measurement segment;
• Calculator;
• Pulse transmitter.

These types of meters with an ultrasonic mechanism of operation have a number of such advantages:

• High accuracy of cold and hot water consumption data;
• Ability to measure for a wide volume of flow;
• Lack of moving elements;
• Instantaneous expense calculation;
• The functioning of the archival system;
• Long service life.
• Ultrasonic meters have the following advantages:

In the production of these meters, only two minuses can be distinguished, namely:

• Functioning exclusively with autonomous power supply;
• When exposed to air bubbles, flow rates may be inaccurate.

Types of water meters

The classification of metering devices has a very branched scheme, since each type also has subspecies. In the previous section, we considered only one of its branches, and now we will try to briefly familiarize ourselves with other divisions. So, the types of meters by the number of pipes:

• Single channel;
• Devices with two channels;
• Multichannel.

Before choosing the best water meter, you need to know for which flow they will serve. Based on this criterion, devices are divided into the following types:

• For cold water flow. It is typical for them to work with liquid temperatures up to 40 degrees.
• For hot water. The temperature maximum reaches 150 degrees;
• Combined types of devices - work with both streams of water supply.

Water meters are divided according to the type of food into the following varieties:

• Energy dependent models;
• Energy independent devices.

Important! According to this indicator, you can choose a device if you know about the possibility of providing constant power.

These are not all branches of this classification. To date, there are new counters that are gradually expanding it.

The most famous manufacturers

Technological progress does not stand still and therefore the market segment of water meters is constantly increasing. Some manufacturers are pushing others out, and consumers are finding it increasingly difficult to make the right choice. In this section, based on photo ratings, we have identified the most popular brands in this area of ​​​​products. So:

• Betar, Tatarstan. It has established itself as a manufacturer of metering devices for hot and cold water. All goods are certified and have a quality guarantee.
• Meter, Italy. The temperature interval for the operation of flow meters is from 5 to 90 degrees.
• Valtec, Italy. High quality devices. Feature of accuracy of indications of hot water.
• Triton, Russia. The brass case of devices creating high durability. Works with flows up to 90 degrees.

We got acquainted with the classification of water meters, which will make it possible to choose the best option for your water supply.

2 High quality device 3 Best price

Meters are devices for accurate and continuous monitoring of the consumption of a particular resource, in this case water. Their practical application in domestic conditions (in the vast majority of cases) allows you to reduce the payment for hot and cold water supply to an apartment or a private house. Structurally, they are divided into three types: mechanical, ultrasonic and electromagnetic. The most common, budgetary and practical are mechanical meters equipped with an impeller and a sectional counting mechanism.

On the market you can find hundreds of models of mechanical meters of different levels of performance, prices and brands of the manufacturer. Some have high operational capabilities and can last more than one five-year period, while others, which are of rather mediocre quality, hardly “survive” until the scheduled verification period. Considering durability as one of the main parameters, we have prepared for you a list of the best mechanical water meters, divided into different price categories. All products in the rating were selected based on the following criteria:

• price ratio to the nominal quality of the product;
• popularity among consumers, expert reviews;
• availability of spare parts in the kit;
• ease of installation (transitional diameters, compliance with common standards);
• degree of sensitivity to induced magnetic fields;
• the quality of individual components.

The best mechanical water meters: budget up to 900 rubles

The most simple device, the minimum number of components, but high performance - this is how all budgetary mechanical water meters can be characterized. Their functioning is based on an elementary principle: by means of a water flow, an impeller installed in the center of the counter is set in motion and transmits torque to the counting wheel, which shows the amount of liquid consumed.

4 Betar SHV-15

Best Operating Ability
Country Russia
Average price: 697 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

One of the strengths of the Betar SHV-15 mechanical cold water meter lies in the versatility of installation methods. While individual models are limited to a strictly vertical, strictly horizontal or hybrid version of the installation, this device tolerates installation at an angle without any problems (written in the manufacturer's recommendations). The counter calmly withstands temperatures from +5 to +40 degrees Celsius and operating pressure up to 10 bar. The warranty period of operation regulates the use until the first verification, that is, six years. But, according to users, such a counter is able to withstand two or even three terms, depending on the conditions of its use.

Advantages:

• durability;
• normal operating temperature range and pressure value;
• installation versatility.

Flaws:

• It is intended only for measuring the volume of cold water.

3 Decast Metronic VSKM 90-15 DG

High degree of durability (up to 10 years)
Country Russia
Average price: 769 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

A universal counter of a simple vane design with a pulse output for the case of centralized metering of cold and hot water consumption. As a sensitive device, it uses a reed sensor, which is very common and easily replaceable in case of emergency. The durability of work, according to the manufacturer, is at least 10 years, after which the impeller has every chance to overcome the threshold of unacceptable errors.

Judging by user reviews, "Decast Metronic" VSKM 90-15 DG is able to work with water, the maximum temperature of which is +90 degrees Celsius. The main drawback is the actual absence of mounting parts in the kit, however, finding them in retail is quite simple (due to their versatility). With a not very large weight (0.5 kilograms), this meter does an excellent job with possible water hammer, so it can be safely installed in apartments and private houses.

2 METER SVU-15

Best price
Country Russia
Average price: 450 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

This counter can rightfully be classified as the most profitable purchase from the "price - quality" section. In terms of the last component, it is literally inferior to two or three models, but in terms of cost it outperforms them all. It is also captivating that it is universal, that is, it functions in the range from +5 to +90 degrees Celsius. The design is protected from leaks, and the mechanism is protected from the influence of an external magnetic field, which eliminates indirect “twisting” after sealing. Also in the counter there is a completely useless, but interesting feature - for a short time it is able to withstand the boiling point of a liquid.

Advantages:

• universality in measuring the volumes of consumed hot and cold water;
• wide operating temperature range, up to +100 degrees Celsius;
• the presence of protection against leakage and the influence of induced magnetic fields;
• good build quality.

Flaws:

• not identified.

Despite the fact that electromagnetic and ultrasonic meters are relatively recent developments with practical advantages, the vast majority of consumers are still inclined to purchase a simple mechanical meter. What is the reason for such a choice, what are the pros and cons of mechanical models relative to others, we learn from the comparison table.

Counter type	pros	Minuses
Mechanical	High reliability based on extremely simple design compactness Very low measurement uncertainty Ease of installation Average service life is 10-12 years Low price compared to other types of meters Availability of models with pulse output	– Inevitable wear of the small gear that rotates the impeller and counter mechanism – High sensitivity to magnetic field induction
Ultrasonic	High measuring accuracy The absence of rubbing parts in the design and, as a result, low wear No hydraulic resistance occurs Large measuring range Meter readings (to prevent spontaneous reset during a power outage) are archived	– Volatile: functions only when there is an active power supply – The error is largely affected by air bubbles in the water
Electromagnetic	Due to the design, hydraulic losses are minimized The quality of the current liquid does not affect the meter reading in any way They are used not only in domestic conditions, but also in chemical and food enterprises	– Magnets installed in the meter can cause clogging of the supply pipe – High sensitivity to air bubbles in the liquid, the presence of turbulent currents and ground currents flowing through the pipeline

1 ITELMA WFW20 D080

The best quality, confirmed by users
Country: Germany
Average price: 650 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

One of the most popular counters, rightfully in demand among consumers. ITELMA WFW20 D080 is not only a high build quality, but also a kind of "upgrade" sample. In addition to direct reading of readings from the counting wheel, information can be transmitted from it to remote bases. Such transmission is carried out by connecting impulse sensors at the output, and it is used mainly in administrative buildings. Otherwise, this is a standard meter with an increased (according to users) service life.

Advantages:

• high build quality;
• the presence of elements of protection against magnetic fields and leaks;
• the ability to connect pulse sensors;
• increased resource of operation (more than six declared years).

Flaws:

• pulse encoders do not always work correctly.

The best mechanical water meters with pulse output

As a rule, all mechanical meters with a pulse output are multi-jet. They apply the principle of dividing the main flow into several smaller jets, which achieves a reduction in turbulent flows (fluid eddies) and, thereby, a reduction in errors. The received information from the output is transmitted to the control terminal to control the summary of information.

3 Valtec 1/2

Best price
Country: Italy
Average price: 1,004 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.4

Valtec 1/2 is a mechanical counter without all sorts of frills. The ascetic appearance should not be misleading - the Italian manufacturer has taken care of the quality of the "stuffing". Such a model is capable of operating for two verification periods without increasing the measurement error. However, it was not without drawbacks. The main trouble of the counter is the pulse output. In some models, spontaneous terminations of data transfer were recorded, which indicates the vulnerability of the system. Be that as it may, the flaws of the pulse output can be easily attributed to the low cost, which, coupled with the quality of the mechanism itself, looks more than worthy.

Advantages:

• low cost;
• durability of work, due to high-quality "stuffing".

Flaws:

• the presence of faults at the pulse output;
• ascetic appearance.

2 Itelma WFW24 D080

High quality device
Country: Germany
Average price: 1,505 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

Itelma WFW24 D080, like the brand's products in general, makes an exceptionally pleasant impression. Assembled under license from Siemens, it meets all the parameters of safety and optimum workmanship. It is not surprising: the development and production of metrological instruments was carried out on high-precision equipment using reliable components. Plastic parts contain a fiberglass base, so the wear resistance and durability of these meters can be calculated for decades. By the way, it is the ten-year period of guaranteed trouble-free service that is indicated in the product passport. The counter is able to withstand a powerful water hammer with a pressure of 2 MPa, which makes it practically “indestructible”. It is also captivating that when working with dirty water (and this often happens even in large cities), Itelma does not require the installation of an additional filter.

Advantages:

• excellent workmanship;
• guaranteed service life is ten years;
• resistant to water hammer pressure up to 2 MPa;
• there is no need to install additional cleaning filters: the measurement accuracy will remain at the same level.

Flaws:

• not detected.

1 Zenner ETWI-N DN 15

The best combination of price and quality
Country: Germany
Average price: 1,463 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

German counters Zenner ETWI-N DN 15 have one small feature that is useful for the average consumer to know. The fact is that devices for measuring the flow of hot water are universal - they work correctly even when cold liquid flows, giving high accuracy at the output of the pulse sensor. There is no doubt about the quality of parts and components - German manufacturers, with their characteristic pedantry, took care of every detail, so the motion transmission mechanism works like clockwork. This is one of the best meters available to a wide range of consumers.

Advantages:

• high quality workmanship inherent in the German manufacturer;
• versatility of hot water meters;
• stable operation of the pulse sensor;
• withstands water hammer pressure of 1.6 MPa;
• optimal price.

Flaws:

• some users have complaints about the bulkiness of the case.

The best premium mechanical water meters

A distinctive feature of mechanical meters of a more expensive class is a reinforced case (often made of cast iron), great performance, as well as other specific functions. Otherwise, these are the same devices designed to control water consumption.

3 Decast Metronic VSKM 90

Top quality product
Country Russia
Average price: 11,967 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

A universal level mechanical meter that combines all the superior features of a special model. It has a pulse output and increased reliability of components (impeller, housing, mechanism), up to fasteners. The main feature of Decast Metronic VSKM 90 is the ability to work at an actual liquid temperature of +150 degrees Celsius - only outstanding devices have similar indicators within the framework of metering devices.

Judging by user reviews, literally a few can afford such a purchase. In general, there are no complaints regarding the working moments - the meter serves for a long time and survives absolutely all outstanding situations (such as water hammer or magnetic field induction). However, installation in an apartment or (to a lesser extent) in a private house looks redundant - the nominal resource of the product will always be underused.

2 "Norma" STV-50 (flanged)

Best Special Mechanical Meter for Flanged Pipes
Country Russia
Average price: 8,700 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Antimagnetic flange metering device for hot and cold water "Norma" STV-50 is a completely reasonable alternative to many foreign analogues. Possessing the ability to centralize consumption accounting by installing a pulse sensor, it does not lose to competitors in any way in terms of service life or operating parameters. So, the temperature range of running cold water varies from +5 to +40 degrees Celsius, and for hot, the upper bar even reaches +90 degrees (+150 in special models). The guaranteed service life of this model is 12 years, but with “delicate” use, it is able to serve obviously more than the calculated norm.

Since flange meters have a more specific focus, installation in an apartment or in a number of private houses is not even considered for them. In this regard, consumer opinion is limited to reviews of industrialists, who, however, are quite satisfied with the performance of this model.

1 "Norma" SVK-25

Long service life. User Choice
Country Russia
Average price: 3,500 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

"Norma" SVK-25 is the very case when the performance characteristics are optimal for everyday use, and the high cost is undoubtedly justified by both the package and the quality of workmanship. The mechanism of this counter is carefully "planted" in a corrosion-resistant (and anti-friction) brass case with branch pipes with a diameter of 25 millimeters. In the version for hot water, the model is able to withstand temperatures up to +90 degrees Celsius; for cold - half as much.

As in all considered devices of the category, "Norma" SVK-25 has a pulse output, as well as built-in protection against magnetic fields. It is noteworthy that the equipment is one of the strengths of this model - in addition to the meter itself, the consumer receives connecting elements and detailed installation instructions. Judging by user reviews, this is the best option for installation in an apartment or house, the quality of which is manifested over three inter-calibration (6 years) periods.

In order to pay only for the water you use, it is necessary to install a water meter in the apartment or, as they say, water meters. What water meters are and which ones are suitable for domestic use and we will understand.

Water meters are installed so as not to pay "for a neighbor"

Types and types of water meters

There are several types of water meters, but all of them can be divided into two main groups: non-volatile (using mechanical processes) and volatile (requiring electricity).

In general, there are four types of counters:

From all of the above, it turns out that in our real conditions - old pipes and not the cleanest water - only tachometric meters are suitable. They are basically installed.

Types of tachometric counters

Mechanical counters are good in that no additional conditions are required for their operation. There is a stream of water - they work, there is no it - they stop. But they don’t really like long downtime - due to the presence of salts in the water, the impeller or turbine may stop rotating. This means that you will need to change the meter.

Water temperature classification

Water meters (this is the official name) are for cold and hot water. They differ in the operating temperature range:

• for cold, the maximum is +30°C;
• for hot +130°C;
• universal — operating temperature range — up to +90°C.

Even if the water meters are of the same type and they have the same manufacturer, the difference in price is noticeable. But it is justified - heat-resistant materials are used for hot water supply, and they are much more expensive. To make them easy to distinguish outwardly, the cases are painted in different colors - counters for cold water are usually blue, for hot - red, universal ones are orange.

According to the principle of action

With the general principle of operation, this type of water meters has several varieties. First, there are two principles of operation:

But not everything is so simple: multi-jet tachometric water meters are available only for large pipe diameters (more than 40 mm in diameter). They are not suitable for apartments.

According to the installation method of the counting and rotating mechanism

More relevant for us is the division according to the method of installing the counting mechanism. On this basis, water meters are divided into dry and wet. In wet counting mechanism stands in the water, so it quickly fails. In dry type devices, the counting mechanism is separated from the water by a plate and they work longer.

There is another type of tachometric meters - valve. In such a water meter, a shut-off valve is additionally installed, which allows shutting off the water. It is difficult to say why this may be needed, because when installing a shut-off valve is required in front of the water meter. It is needed in case you need to change or check the meter, with this tap, if necessary, they turn off the water.

Inside the tachometric counters there is a turbine or an impeller, respectively, they are divided into turbine and vane ones. The whole difference is in the location of the axis of rotation. In vaned ones, it is perpendicular to the flow, in turbine ones it is parallel, although the shape of the rotating wheel is identical for them. Vane water meters are more sensitive and can measure weak water flows, but they have a drawback - they almost completely block the passage of water, which reduces the throughput of the water supply. The second minus is that in the event of a malfunction (if the impeller stops rotating), the flow is almost completely blocked.

Name	For what water	Type	Bore diameter	installation length	Min/max flow	Connecting dimensions	Price
SVK-15-3-2 "Arzamas"	universal	paddle dry-propelled	15mm	110 mm	0.06 - 3 m3/h	thread G3/4	600 rub
VSHN DN 25	cold water	vaned single-jet	25 mm	260 mm	0.07-7 m3/hour	thread 1” 1/4”	72$
VSGN-25 DN	hot water	vaned single-jet	25 mm	260 mm	0.14-7.3 m3/h	thread 1” 1/4”	87$
VALTEC VLF-R-L	universal	paddle dry-propelled	15 mm	110 mm	0.01-3 m3/hour	thread 1/2"	800 rub
ITELMA IS.160005 (vertical installation is allowed)	hot water	paddle dry-propelled	15 mm	110 mm without fittings	up to 3 m3/hour	G3/4""	890 rub
PULSE 15-X (vertical installation is allowed)	cold	Winged, dry	15 mm	80 mm without spurs	up to 3 m3/hour	thread 1/2"	730 rub

To combine the advantages of both types of rotating elements, a combined tachometric water meter was invented. It has both a turbine and an impeller. With a low flow rate of water, it is fed to the impeller, with a large flow - to the turbine. But the cost of this type of equipment is already quite high.

One more thing: turbine water meters are produced with diameters of 40 mm or more, so there is actually no choice for apartment owners. We have to install vane water meters - others simply do not fit.

Additional features

To automate the process of taking readings, there are special overlays (based on reed switches or with radio transmission). They are not compatible with all devices, so water meters are usually sold immediately with such additions.

There are vane DHW water meters with the ability to control the temperature; they can also be called multi-tariff, as they calculate the amount of water consumed with different temperatures. They are relevant for those countries in which a recalculation mechanism has been developed. Russia, also belongs to them (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 27, 2012 No. 354).

Multi-tariff hot water meters have a small processor and memory, and most often operate from a rechargeable battery. Since only a few sensors, a microprocessor and memory require power, the consumption is very small. One power element is enough for 5-8 years.

The temperature data is stored in the microprocessor memory, from where it can be retrieved. The memory is periodically cleared, so it is necessary to check periodically.

A water meter is a metering device that should be in every home. Today there are many models of water meters. We will analyze how to choose the best counter and not spend extra money when buying.

Tap water (whether hot or cold) is a valuable resource that is subject to strict accounting. To determine the exact amount of the spent resource, water meters are used that are common to the whole house. There are also water meters at water utility substations. To ensure accurate accounting of water used, citizens should install meters in their own homes. Let's figure out how to choose the best counter for an affordable price.

Types of water meters

Today, many measuring instruments have been developed that are suitable for measuring the flow of liquids, including tap water. They differ in design, dimensions, accuracy class, normal operation conditions and many other parameters.

Not all of these meters are suitable for installation in a city apartment or a private house.

We will analyze the main designs and choose the best option.

Tachometric

The most common option. The principle of its design is simple: water spins the shaft, which rotates the counting mechanism. A certain volume of water that has passed through the device causes the shaft to rotate. So, knowing how many times the shaft turned, you can determine how much water has flowed out of the pipe.

To make the shaft rotate under the action of the water flow, various devices are placed on it:

• A wheel equipped with blades, or an impeller. The simplest option. It is the impellers that are most often used in the design of household tachometric meters. Unfortunately, the impeller has the property of accumulating mechanical energy (inertia). And this means that the shaft can spin for some time after the water stops flowing, and the counter counts the extra volume. But on domestic water supply, the error is negligible due to the small diameter of the pipes and not too strong pressure.
• Turbine. In this device, the shaft is located not across the flow, but along. The inertia of the turbine is much less than that of the impeller. But the design of the device is more complicated, since it is necessary to introduce a transmission from a horizontal shaft with a turbine to a vertical shaft leading to the counting unit. This reduces the survivability of the device and increases the price. In household meters, this design is used relatively rarely.

The inertia of the rotation of the impeller increases with the increase in the flow force, which is set by the diameter of the pipe. The impellers can only be installed on pipes with a diameter of up to 25 mm, since at large diameters the measurement error is already too large.

How to reduce inertia

So that the device for measuring water consumption does not give errors due to inertia, several tricks are used:

But in the conditions of an apartment or a private house, you can usually do without such complex tricks. The pressure here is small, and even a structurally simple impeller-based device provides satisfactory measurement accuracy.

"Dry" and "wet"

Another basis for the classification of devices for measuring water flow is the position of the counting mechanism:

• For “dry” appliances, only the impeller or impeller is in the water. The counting unit does not come into contact with liquid, so it can be not only mechanical, but also electronic. In the absence of water, the risk of corrosion of parts is reduced, which means that such a meter is much more durable. But structurally, such devices are somewhat more complicated than “wet” ones, and their cost is higher.
• The counting unit of "wet" water meters is in the water along with the impeller. Therefore, the counting unit is arranged as simply as possible, on pure mechanics. This has a positive effect on the dimensions of the device and its cost, but reduces the durability due to the lower survivability of the parts of the counting unit exposed to water.

Most often in everyday life there are tachometric water meters based on impellers with a “dry” type mechanical counting unit. They have an optimal combination of dimensions, cost and durability and provide acceptable measurement accuracy.

Other designs

In addition to designs based on the use of shaft rotation speed to account for, there are other designs of devices in metrology that can count water flow:

Any electronic meter requires an uninterruptible power supply. Therefore, you either have to power the measuring unit from the mains, or take care of the batteries.

The advantages of the described types of meters are high measurement accuracy and the ability to use only the computing unit for verification without dismantling the entire device.

The disadvantage is the price, which is 5 or more times higher than the cost of a tachometric counter.

Water temperature classification

Meters for hot and cold water are built on the same design scheme. They are set up about the same. It is possible to put a hot water meter (it is marked with the abbreviation "SGV") on a cold water riser, although it is not recommended.

It is forbidden to put a cold water meter (“SHV”) on a pipe with hot water!

This is due to some features of the design of water meters "SGV":

• Hot water heats up the parts of the appliance. High temperatures can cause materials to expand, causing loss of seal and causing leaks. To avoid this, "SGV" meters are made of materials with a low coefficient of thermal expansion.
• Also, reinforced sealing elements are used in the design of hot water meters, so they are much more resistant to leaks.

That is why it is worth considering the type of counter when choosing.

For cold water

• "Betar SHV-15". Durable and reliable counter. The verification period is 6 years, but there are cases when the meter worked flawlessly for 2-3 such periods. The main advantage is versatility. It can be installed horizontally, vertically or tilted. Such a variety of ways allows you to install this model in any apartment.
• "Norm SVK-25". The premium model is distinguished by a high price (about 3.5 thousand rubles), but very high quality and durability. The model is issued for cold and hot water. Brass body is resistant to corrosion and abrasion, the device is protected from magnetic fields, has a pulse output. An additional advantage is the rich delivery package, which contains everything you need for installation.

In addition to domestic, you can choose a good option from the products of foreign companies (Zenner, Itelma) and others.

When choosing, the cost and the planned period of use are important: if it is planned to undergo verification, it is worth taking more expensive models, if instead of verification a new device is simply installed, you can take simpler models.

For hot

Among the products of domestic companies designed for hot water, the following options can be recommended:

• "Betar SGV-15". Just like the cold water model, the main advantages are the versatility of the installation method and the affordable price.
• "Decast Metronic" VSKM 90-15 DG. Universal meter of simple mechanical design using an impeller. Advantages - affordable price and the possibility of pulse output of readings for centralized accounting.

As in the previous case, there are many interesting options among foreign-made devices.

What to look for when choosing a counter? Here's what professional plumbers recommend:

• Be sure to check that the device number matches the number written in the passport.
• Check verification date. Optimally - if it is no more than three months away from the date of purchase. Then the counter will last as long as possible.

Water meters are a necessary attribute of modern housing. If you follow simple rules, you can pick up accurate and durable devices for a reasonable price.

A few years ago, a law came into force requiring the installation of metering devices in every apartment. Payment "according to the standards" has become unprofitable, and with the inevitable rise in prices per cubic meter of water, it is becoming increasingly unaffordable.

Whereas payment for actual consumption helps save utility bills, especially if the meter is correctly selected.

How to choose water meters, install them correctly and register them with the relevant authorities? We'll figure out.

It would be a mistake to believe that there is only one type of water meter. In fact, you can find many variations of such metering devices, differing in the principle of operation, cost and other indicators.

Installing a water meter will pay off quickly enough and will help to significantly save on utility bills.

Before buying a device, it is important to understand their diversity. First of all, you need to understand that meters are available for hot and cold water. The principle of operation of the devices is similar, the difference is in the materials used for their production.

Devices working with hot liquid can withstand temperatures up to 150C, while devices for cold water can operate at temperatures not exceeding 40C.

So-called universal meters are produced, which can be placed on any pipe. A special marking of the body helps to distinguish between devices, blue for cold and red for hot water.

In addition, a distinction is made between volatile and non-volatile devices. For the operation of the first, electricity is needed, so they are connected to the network. The second ones work without additional power sources.

It is important to classify devices according to the principle of their operation. On this basis, all metering devices can be divided into four large groups:

Vortex counters

The frequency of the vortices occurring on the body placed in the water flow is recorded. Fluid flowing around an obstacle causes pressure changes on its surface.

The frequency of such pressure drops directly depends on the flow rate and on the water flow. Vortex counters capture these readings and convert them into an analog or digital signal. The advantage of such metering devices can be considered low contamination in water of any quality, ease of verification and high measurement accuracy.

The disadvantages include a short service life, which is about 8-12 years, and rapid wear of the bluff body if abrasive particles are present in the water.

Vortex meters for water are highly accurate, but their service life is relatively short: only 8-12 years, after which the equipment fails

Ultrasonic devices

Use the difference in time intervals that occur during the passage of ultrasound along and against the measured flow. The measured medium can be not only pure water, but also wastewater, as well as dirty liquids with the presence of abrasive substances.

The main advantages of the devices are the ability to conduct accurate measurements in any medium in terms of physical and chemical properties, ease of verification, long service life, which is about 25 years, ultra-precise operation even without filters, autonomous power supply.

The disadvantages include the probability of stopping the operation of the device when a critical amount of precipitation falls.

Tachometric device

A simple mechanical device, which is a counting device, which is associated with a specially shaped impeller or impeller placed in a stream of water. The water flow rotates the impeller, the number of revolutions of which determines the meter reading.

The advantages of such a meter include low cost, ease of maintenance, the ability to install in any room and energy independence.

A significant "minus" of the device is the need to install a coarse filter in front of the device, a low measurement range, a short service life and measurement errors.

Ultrasonic water meters are volatile devices of high complexity. They are almost never used for installation in houses and apartments.

The devices keep records of the electromagnetic field induced in the computing unit of the device in proportion to the water flow rate.

The advantage of electromagnetic meters is the absence of protruding elements and mechanical parts that prevent water flow, high measurement accuracy and long service life. In addition, the device is universal and can be installed on hot or cold water.

The disadvantages of an electromagnetic meter include volatility, since the device cannot function without an external power source, increased requirements for the room and the quality of installation.

Another "minus" is the possibility of contamination of the flow path with impurities present in the water.

Features of the most common tachometric instruments

As practice shows, tachometric-type devices are most often chosen for use at home. They are compact, reliable, extremely easy to install and operate.

Their cost is low, so your old device can be exchanged for a new one without much damage to the family budget. There are two types of tachometric devices: vane and turbine.

The difference lies in the shape of the base of the structure, it can be an impeller or a small impeller. Turbine devices are installed on pipes with a diameter of 50 and up to 200 mm, vane - up to 40 mm.

For water pipelines in which serious pressure drops occur, special metering devices are produced that combine a turbine and an impeller device. They are called combined. Wing counters are of two types:

• Single jet. Counts the number of revolutions of an impeller rotating in a single water stream. The counting mechanism is most often isolated from water, which contributes to the accuracy of measurements. The design of the device makes it possible to install anti-magnetic protection and mount a pulse output module, which allows you to take readings remotely.
• Multi-jet. In contrast to single-jet devices, the measured water flow in front of the impeller blades is divided into several jets. This reduces the measurement error. The device is easy to dismantle and install, and for verification it is necessary to remove only the upper part of the meter. If necessary, a pulse output module can be installed.

Tachometric water meters are simple and reliable devices that are widely used in homes to record water consumption. Color marking must be present on the body of the equipment

Meters of the tachometric type are divided into "dry" and "wet". The difference between the devices lies in the location of the counting mechanism.

In the first case, it is located in a compartment protected from water behind a special non-magnetic partition. "Dry" meters work longer and give more accurate readings, since they are structurally protected from the negative effects of contaminants present in the water.

The counting mechanism of "wet" devices is located in the liquid, which significantly reduces its service life. At the same time, the cost of such varieties of counters is lower.

Buying a counter: what to look for?

Having decided which water meter to choose, you can go shopping. It is best to purchase metering devices in specialized stores that value their reputation and will not try to sell uncertified or low-quality goods.

Pay attention to the passport of the meter. It must be available. The document must be printed in a typographical way, it contains the stamp of the manufacturer and the serial number of the product. In this case, the meter number on the case and in the passport must necessarily match.

If instead of a passport they try to hand over a photocopy, the purchase should be abandoned.

The second important point is the configuration of the device. Unscrupulous sellers sin by dismantling devices and selling the necessary parts separately in pursuit of profit.

Don't fall for this trick. The meter usually comes with two connectors with nipples, equipped with union nuts and gaskets, a strainer and a check valve.

In some cases, the manufacturer completes the device with a special shut-off valve. Its peculiarity lies in the presence on the outgoing branch pipe of a special eyelet for sealing.

An electromagnetic meter is a very accurate and durable water meter. At the same time, it is very demanding on the quality of installation and on the room in which it will be installed.

If the stopcock that comes with the meter is silumin, it is also better to refuse such a purchase. Silumin assemblies are subject to sudden failure caused by intergranular corrosion.

The consequences of such destruction are extremely unpleasant. Experts advise to immediately purchase an additional shut-off valve. It is recommended to install it after the outlet to the toilet bowl.

This is very convenient, because it makes it possible to use the toilet even when, for some reason, the water supply to the bathroom or kitchen is blocked.

How to choose a place for the meter?

According to the rules, the water meter should be installed as close as possible to the place where the pipeline enters the room. In practice, this means that it should not be physically possible to crash into the pipe in front of the meter.

It is this circumstance that will first of all be checked by the inspector who came to seal the device. As practice shows, in city apartments the meter is most often mounted near the toilet in the toilet or in the bathroom, provided that the pipes leading to the bathroom are laid on the floor.

In this case, it will be impossible to hide traces of a possible tie-in on them.

The latter option, however, is not very successful, since you will have to lay a new outlet for the toilet tank through the wall. In private houses, the meter is installed at a distance of no more than 0.2 m from the outlet of the supply pipe.

In addition, certain requirements apply to water wells located on the territory of the household.

The design should only be capital with a strong lockable lid, which is also sealed.

According to the existing rules, the water meter should be installed no further than 20 cm from the outlet of the inlet water pipe, there should be no room left for possible insertion of water-folding equipment

There are several technical features in the rules for installing water meters in apartments, which must be taken into account during self-installation:

• The DHW system is installed in a two-pipe scheme. This situation is extremely rare, but possible. In this case, to install the meter for hot water, it is recommended to purchase a bypass valve, which is additionally installed on the circulation pipe. Otherwise, the readings of the meter will be greatly overestimated.
• The presence of a fire water outlet in the apartment. A valve should be placed on the bypass pipe, which will be sealed by the workers of the water utility. Theoretically, firefighters are required to install such a valve; they perform this work upon a preliminary application.
• The temperature in the room where the meter is located can drop below + 5C. For a city apartment, the situation is extremely rare, more often this happens in a private house, especially if the meter is planned to be installed in an unheated basement. The best option is to wall up and insulate the pipe, and transfer the meter to a heated room.

Is verification required before installation?

Vodokanal workers usually do not require verification of meters sealed for the first time. They are quite satisfied with the presence of a factory seal. The fact is that the average water consumption by subscribers, even with unverified meters, will be within the normal range.

However, it does not hurt the consumer to find out if the meter is working and if its readings are correct. In the event of a malfunction, the owner of the device receives an expert opinion, with which he goes to the seller and exchanges the rejected product for a new one.

There should be no problems, since the stores have an agreement with the supplier for such a case. The meter is checked absolutely free of charge, which is stipulated in the law.

To go through the procedure, the device is handed over to the centralized city instrumentation, or to the instrumentation of the housing office or water utility, or to a private company operating under a license. The meter is handed over together with a passport, where a mark is made on passing the verification.

In addition, a KIP seal is placed on the device, which, of course, cannot be broken.

Installation of a meter

Installing a water meter with your own hands is quite simple. Before installation, be sure to read the instructions for the device and then carry out the installation in strict accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

You need to know that the counting device of the equipment should be on top, and the direction of the arrow on the side surface of the body is set strictly in the direction of the water flow.

Before the ball shut-off valve there should not be any water taps.

The diagram shows how the water meter should be installed.

The process of self-installation of a water meter is as follows:

• We attach a coarse filter to the tap thread. Do not forget to seal the connection with tow or fum-tape. We perform the operation carefully, we determine the number of revolutions in advance, after screwing the filter into place without a seal. If the device is installed horizontally, we direct the drain pipe of the filter down, if vertically, then sideways. So when cleaning the filter, the liquid accumulated inside will not flood the counter.
• We take a fitting with a union nut, which should come with the meter, and install it in place.
• We install the counter.
• We put the second fitting with a nut.
• Install a check valve. Do not forget to seal all connections with silicone or rubber gaskets.
• We connect the structure with the plumbing. The adapter will be a coupling of a suitable size.

Putting the device into operation - how to do it right?

At the end of the installation, we carry out a test water supply. We carefully inspect all connections in search of a possible leak. If a leak is detected, even a minimal one, turn off the water and seal all connections in the most thorough way.

After that, we again supply water and inspect the assembly. After making sure that there are no leaks, and the meter works, you can proceed to its "legalization". The fact is that the presence of an unsealed meter does not give the right to pay for water “after the fact”.

This is how a properly installed tachometric water meter looks like. The finished assembly must contain all of the specified elements.

We start by announcing the installation of a meter in a water utility or any other organization operating a water supply system.

We are preparing a meter verification certificate, a device passport and waiting for three days. During this time, representatives of the water utility should come. The inspector will carefully read the documents and inspect the counter. After that, they seal the meter and take its initial readings.

They must be recorded in the act of putting the meter into operation, which will be drawn up by the inspector. Another important point is the signing of a service agreement.

For example, they may try to force them to pay for insurance against a broken seal or perform a quarterly verification of a meter at the expense of the client. The subscription fee for the service can also be unreasonably high. That is why it is worth familiarizing yourself with the standard contract in advance.

If everything is in order, the signature on the document is put in the presence of the inspector who sealed the counter.

In the hands of the client should remain an act on the commissioning of the metering device and a second copy of the service agreement. The passport to the counter also remains with the owner. However, there is a slight nuance here.

The inspector is obliged to make a copy for himself, so he can take the document for a while. The easiest way is to make a good photocopy of your passport in advance and give it to the inspector. So it will be possible to save time on going to the water utility for a document.

When installing the meter and its elements, one should not forget about the tightness of the connections. For high-quality sealing, you can use sanitary tow, fum-tape or a special thread

Installing a water meter is a great opportunity to save money on utility bills. Self-installation of the device is quite simple, even a person without special training can perform it.

In addition, it is very important to choose the right meter and place for its placement, as well as follow all the formalities and register it with the organization that operates the water supply. Only after all the necessary documentation has been completed, the meter will be considered valid, and payment for water will be charged according to its testimony.

Also, you must not forget about the necessary verifications within the time frame, which are determined by the type of installed meter.